Modeling The Qualitative Sub-Domains of Sleep Health: A Theoretical Framework for Student Health-Related Quality of Life
Abstract
This paper establishes an integrative theoretical model examining the direct mechanisms connecting sleep latency and structural sleep disturbances (both somatic and micro-environmental) to university students' Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). By moving beyond traditional, unidimensional volumetric sleep metrics (such as total sleep duration), this framework bridges Sleep Hygiene Theory and the Cognitive-Behavioral Model of Insomnia to capture qualitative sleep architecture. This study aims to integrate established methods of sleep assessment (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] and health indices EuroQol [EQ-5D]) and to develop a framework of new qualitative and quantitative methods to assess the negative impact of poor sleep on the functioning and productivity of individuals. To achieve the framework's immediate relevance, functional tactical innovations were modelled based on a thorough analysis of the latest literature in the field of behavioural medicine and public health for the years 2024-2026. The main goal of the last conceptual model is to provide immediate, data-supported, and feasible recommendations to inform wellness-related policies in higher education. Institutional policies should align academic timetabling with biological circadian rhythms by capping mandatory 8:00 AM lectures for high-workload programs, allowing adequate sleep recovery windows. Furthermore, student counselling services should integrate brief PSQI-based sleep latency and disturbance screeners into standard wellness intake assessments, identifying sleep-deprived individuals early for non-pharmacological Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) workshops.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Liatul Izian Binti Ali Husin, Dilla Syadia Ab Latiff, Noorizan Mohamad Mozie, Norfazlina Ghazali

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