Digital Entrepreneurship Intention among Bumiputera University Students and the Role of Entrepreneurial Education
Keywords:
digital entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship intention, entrepreneurial education, university students, young entrepreneurs, Bumiputera
Abstract
The influence of digital technologies has transformed many aspects of life globally, including the way we do business. The shift from traditional business paradigms has created vast opportunities for value creation. With the increasing challenges, competition and uncertainty in the job market, digital entrepreneurship has given an alternative career path to young adults to create employment opportunities and become self-reliant. Digital entrepreneurship has emerged as crucial driver of economic innovation, requiring a strong entrepreneurial mindset among university students. This study explores factors influencing digital entrepreneurship intention. Utilizing a structured quantitative approach, key determinants from the Theory of Planned Behavior (personal attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control) are analyzed alongside entrepreneurial education to assess the impact on Bumiputera students’ readiness and motivation to engage in digital ventures through a survey questionnaire. 173 valid responses from students of University Technology MARA were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that subjective norms and perceived behavioral control were positively significant in influencing digital entrepreneurship intention. However, attitude and entrepreneurial education have no significant effect on digital entrepreneurship intention within this demographic. Findings of the study provide an understanding of factors that shaped Bumiputera students’ intention to explore new ventures of entrepreneurial aspirations in the digital domain. These counterintuitive results suggest that current approach to entrepreneurial education may not be sufficient to ignite the specific intent among Bumiputera students to engage in digital ventures. These results offer valuable insights for educators and policymakers seeking to enhance entrepreneurship programs.
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References
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Anunthawichak, S., & Kitcharoen, S. (2023). Entrepreneurial Leadership to Create Business Success in The Digital Age. Journal of Business and Industrial Development, 3(3), 96-113.
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Barba-Sánchez, V., & Atienza-Sahuquillo, C. (2018). Entrepreneurial intention among engineering students: the role of entrepreneurship education. Eur. Res. Manag. Bus. Econ., 24(1), 53–61.
Batz Liñeiro, A., Romero Ochoa, J. A., & Montes de la Barrera, J. (2024). Batz Liñeiro, A., Romero Ochoa, J. A., & Montes de la Barrera, J. (2024). Exploring entrepreneurial intentions and motivations: A comparative analysis of opportunity-driven and necessity-driven entrepreneurs. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 13, Article 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-024-00366-8
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Chhabra, S., Raghunathan, R., & Rao, N. V. M. (2020). The antecedents of entrepreneurial intention among women entrepreneurs in India. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(1), 76-92.
Ching, H.Y., & Kitahara, J.R. (2017). Impact of the Exposure to Entrepreneurship Education on Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Case-Based Study of the Higher Education in Brazil. Business and Management Studies, 3(4), 85-93.
Davidson, E., & Vaast, E. (2010). Digital Entrepreneurship and Its Sociomaterial Enactment. In 2010, 43rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1-10.
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193146
Fleck, E., & Asmuth, J. (2020). Building Capacity for Creativity: Rediscovering the Inner “Superhero” as a Mechanism for Developing a Creative Mindset for Entrepreneurial Problem-Solving. Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, 4(1), 82-95.
Guo, X., Ng, S. F., & Mat Shawal, B. R. (2025). Can entrepreneurial education promote entrepreneurial success? The mediating role of digital literacy. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Management Practices, 8(29), 272–291.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (3e). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Hull, C. E., Hung, Y.T.C., Hair, N., Perotti, V. & DeMartino, R. (2007). Taking advantage of digital opportunities: a typology of digital entrepreneurship. International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations (IJNVO), 4(3), 290-303.
Hsu D.K., Burmeister-Lamp K., Simmons S.A., Foo M.-D., Hong M.C., & Pipes J.D. (2019). ‘I know I can, but I don't fit’: perceived fit, self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention. J. Bus. Ventur, 34(2), 311–326.
Jiatong, W., Murad, M., Bajun, F., Tufail, M.S., Mirza, F., & Rafiq, M. (2021). Impact of Entrepreneurial Education, Mindset, and Creativity on Entrepreneurial Intention: Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 12, 1-13.
Lopes, J. M., Gomes, S., & Nogueira, E. (2025). Lopes, J. M., Gomes, S., & Nogueira, E. (2025). Educational insights into digital entrepreneurship: The influence of personality and innovation attitudes. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14, Article 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-025-00475-y
Lv, Y., Chen, Y., Sha, Y., Wang, J., An, L., Chen, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., & Huang, L. (2021). How entrepreneurship education at universities influences entrepreneurial intention: Mediating effect based on entrepreneurial competence. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, Article 655868. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.655868
Maiyo, J.K., Rono, A.J., Ng’elechei, R.J., & Tubey, R.J. (2016). An Analysis of the Trends and Issues in Entrepreneurship Education. Africa Journal of Technical and Vocational Education and Training, 1(1), 179-187.
Maydiantoro, A., Jaya, T. M. B. S., Basri, M., Yulianti, D., Sinaga, R. M., & Arif, S. (2021). The influence of entrepreneurial attitudes, subjective norms and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Management Information and Decision Sciences, 24(S4), 1-12.
May, A.Y.C. & Hui E.L.K. (2024). The Prospect of Business Undergraduates’ Intention to Engage in Digital Entrepreneurship: Do Government Initiatives Matter?. Public Policy Studies, 10(1), 9-40.
Means, B., Neisler, J., & Langer Research Associates. (2020). Suddenly online: A national survey of undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital Promise.
Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia. (2020). Entrepreneurship Action Plan: Higher Education Institutions (EAP-HEIs) 2021–2025. Putrajaya: Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia. ISBN 978-967-0888-61-3.
Mitrega, M., Forkmann, S., Zaefarian, G., & Henneberg, S. C. (2017). Networking capability in supplier relationships and its impact on product innovation and firm performance. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 37(5), 577–606. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-11-2014-0517
Mohd Noor, N. H., & Malek, E. N. (2021). An application of the Theory of Planned Behavior in determining student entrepreneurship intention. Journal of Administrative Science, 16(1), 1–10.
Mohamed Said, I., & Mohamed, A. M. (2025). Mohamed Said, I., & Mohamed, A. M. (2025). The influence of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. International Social Science Research and Review, 1(1), 1–10.
Nguyen, P.N., & Nguyen, H.H. (2024). Unveiling the link between digital entrepreneurship education and intention among university students in an emerging economy. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 203, 1-20.
Promthong, N. & Chia-Han, Y. (2021). Facilitating Entrepreneurial Creativity through Innovation Networks: A Digital Entrepreneur Perspective. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 9(5), 417-429.
Ramchander, M. (2021). The Influence Of Entrepreneurial Education On Entrepreneurial Intentions Of Business Students At The Durban University Of Technology, 24(3), 1-12.
Raposo, M.L., & do Paço, A.M. (2011). Entrepreneurship education: the relationship between education and entrepreneurial activity. Psicothema, 23(3), 453-7.
Rauch, A., & Hulsink, W. (2014). Putting Entrepreneurship Education Where the Intention to Act Lies: An Investigation Into the Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Behavior. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 14, 187-204.
Renko, M., El Tarabishy, A., Carsrud, A.L., & Brännback, M.E. (2015). Understanding and Measuring Entrepreneurial Leadership Style. Journal of Small Business Management, 53, 54 - 74.
Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M. (2024). SmartPLS 4. Bönningstedt: SmartPLS. Retrieved from https://www.smartpls.com
Sahut, J.-M., Iandoli, L., & Teulon, F. (2021). The age of digital entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 56(3), 1159–1169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00260-8
Sartika, S.H., & Santosa, A.D. (2023). Digital Entrepreneurship Intention of University Students using the Theory of Planned Behavior. Co-Value Jurnal Ekonomi Koperasi dan kewirausahaan, 14(5).
Shmueli, G., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Cheah, J. H., Ting, H., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Predictive Model Assessment in PLS-SEM: Guidelines for Using PLS-Predict. European Journal of Marketing, 53(11), 2322-2347.
Sitaridis, I., & Kitsios, F. (2023). Digital entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education: A review of the literature. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 30(2), 305–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2023-0053
Sobaih, A. E. E., & Elshaer, I. A. (2022). Personal traits and digital entrepreneurship: a mediation model using SmartPLS data analysis. Mathematics, 10(21), 3926.
Sussan, F., & Acs, Z. J. (2017). The digital entrepreneurial ecosystem. Small Business Economics, 49(1), 55-73.
Tavares Damasceno, A., L., Morini, C., Inacio Junior, E., & Da Silva, D. (2023). Assessing the Digital Entrepreneurial Intention of Young University Students about Digital Entrepreneurship. XXVI Seminarios em Administracao, 7, 8, 9, 1-23.
Tennakoon, N., Radulovi?, S., & Kyaruzi, I. S. (2024). The impact of digital education on the success of entrepreneurship: Exploring the interplay between online learning, digital self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention in the digital economy. Economic and Environmental Studies, 24(1), 53–78.
Thompson, E. R. (2009). Individual Entrepreneurial Intent: Construct Clarification and Development of an Internationally Reliable Metric. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 669-694.
Ting Ngoo, Y., Fong Cheah, L., & Ming Tiong, K. (2023). Unveiling the Mindset of Future Digital Entrepreneurs in Malaysia, Asian Journal of Research in Business and Management, [S.l.], 5(1), 295-307.
Torrance, W. E., Rauch, J., Aulet, W., Blum, L., Burke, B., D’Ambrosio, T., Santos, K., Eesley, C., Green, W., Harrington, K., Jacquette, J., Kingma, B., Magelli, P., McConnell, G., Moore, D., Neeley, L., Song, M., Tan, T.-K., Zoller, T., & Zurbuchen, T. (2013). Entrepreneurship education comes of age on campus: The challenges and rewards of bringing entrepreneurship to higher education. SSRN Electronic Journal.
Utami, C. W. (2017). Attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior, entrepreneurship education and self-efficacy toward entrepreneurial intention of university students in Indonesia. European Research Studies Journal, 20(2A), 475–495.
Zhao, F., Barratt-Pugh, L., Standen, P., Redmond, J. & Suseno, Y. (2022). An exploratory study of entrepreneurial social networks in the digital age. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 29(1), 147-173.
Zhao, F. & Collier, A. (2016). Digital Entrepreneurship: Research and Practice. In: 9th Annual Conference of the EuroMed Academy of Business. EuroMed Academy of Business, pp. 2173-2182. ISBN 978-9963-711-43-7
Ahmad, S. Z., & Buchanan, R. F. (2015). Entrepreneurship education in Malaysian universities. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 35(4), 611–624. https://doi.org/10.1080/13583883.2015.1106577
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211.
Alferaih, A. (2022). Starting a New Business? Assessing University Students’ Intentions towards Digital Entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 2(2), 100087. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2022.100087
Al-Mamary, Y.H., & Alraja, M. M. (2022). Understanding entrepreneurship intention and behavior in the light of the TPB model from the digital entrepreneurship perspective. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 2(2), 100106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2022.100106
André Luiz Tavares Damasceno, A.L., Morini, C., Junior, E.I., & De Silva, D. (2023). Assessing the digital entrepreneurial intention of young university students about digital entrepreneurship. XXVI Seminarios em Administracao.
Anunthawichak, S., & Kitcharoen, S. (2023). Entrepreneurial Leadership to Create Business Success in The Digital Age. Journal of Business and Industrial Development, 3(3), 96-113.
Ardi, Z., Yulastri, A., Hidayat, H., Ganefri, G., Yuliana, Y., Susanto, P., Putra, A. H., Elfizon, E., & Eseadi, C. (2024). Enhancing entrepreneurial intention through curriculum, risk awareness, optimism and opportunities: The mediating and moderating roles of entrepreneur inspiration and support. Journal of Social and Economic Development, 27, 352–371.
Audretsch, D. B., Belitski, M., Caiazza, R., Drapeau, M. D., Menter, M. & Wales, W. J. (2024). Resilience and digitally-advanced entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 36:1-2, 1-9.
Auliadara, N., Sojanah, J., & Purnamasari, I. (2024). Auliadara, N., Sojanah, J., & Purnamasari, I. (2024). The influence of entrepreneurship education, digital entrepreneurship and gender on entrepreneurial interest. Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial, 34(2), 99–108. Retrieved from https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jpis/article/view/6132
Autio, E., Nambisan, S., Thomas, L. D. W., & Wright, M. (2018). Digital affordances, spatial affordances, and the genesis of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 12(1), 72–95. https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.1266
Äyväri, A., & Jyrämä, A. (2007). The Networking Abilities of Craft Entrepreneurs. 23rd IMP Conference, University of Manchester, 1-20.
Bagheri, A. (2018). University Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: Does Education Make a Difference?. In: Faghih, N., Zali, M. (eds) Entrepreneurship Education and Research in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Contributions to Management Science. Springer, Cham.
Barba-Sánchez, V., & Atienza-Sahuquillo, C. (2018). Entrepreneurial intention among engineering students: the role of entrepreneurship education. Eur. Res. Manag. Bus. Econ., 24(1), 53–61.
Batz Liñeiro, A., Romero Ochoa, J. A., & Montes de la Barrera, J. (2024). Batz Liñeiro, A., Romero Ochoa, J. A., & Montes de la Barrera, J. (2024). Exploring entrepreneurial intentions and motivations: A comparative analysis of opportunity-driven and necessity-driven entrepreneurs. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 13, Article 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-024-00366-8
Bhatt, S., & Bhatt, A. (2016). Entrepreneurship Education: A Comparative Study of Literature. IUP Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 13(1), 7-32.
Chhabra, S., Raghunathan, R., & Rao, N. V. M. (2020). The antecedents of entrepreneurial intention among women entrepreneurs in India. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(1), 76-92.
Ching, H.Y., & Kitahara, J.R. (2017). Impact of the Exposure to Entrepreneurship Education on Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Case-Based Study of the Higher Education in Brazil. Business and Management Studies, 3(4), 85-93.
Davidson, E., & Vaast, E. (2010). Digital Entrepreneurship and Its Sociomaterial Enactment. In 2010, 43rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1-10.
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193146
Fleck, E., & Asmuth, J. (2020). Building Capacity for Creativity: Rediscovering the Inner “Superhero” as a Mechanism for Developing a Creative Mindset for Entrepreneurial Problem-Solving. Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, 4(1), 82-95.
Guo, X., Ng, S. F., & Mat Shawal, B. R. (2025). Can entrepreneurial education promote entrepreneurial success? The mediating role of digital literacy. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Management Practices, 8(29), 272–291.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (3e). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Hull, C. E., Hung, Y.T.C., Hair, N., Perotti, V. & DeMartino, R. (2007). Taking advantage of digital opportunities: a typology of digital entrepreneurship. International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations (IJNVO), 4(3), 290-303.
Hsu D.K., Burmeister-Lamp K., Simmons S.A., Foo M.-D., Hong M.C., & Pipes J.D. (2019). ‘I know I can, but I don't fit’: perceived fit, self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention. J. Bus. Ventur, 34(2), 311–326.
Jiatong, W., Murad, M., Bajun, F., Tufail, M.S., Mirza, F., & Rafiq, M. (2021). Impact of Entrepreneurial Education, Mindset, and Creativity on Entrepreneurial Intention: Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 12, 1-13.
Lopes, J. M., Gomes, S., & Nogueira, E. (2025). Lopes, J. M., Gomes, S., & Nogueira, E. (2025). Educational insights into digital entrepreneurship: The influence of personality and innovation attitudes. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14, Article 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-025-00475-y
Lv, Y., Chen, Y., Sha, Y., Wang, J., An, L., Chen, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., & Huang, L. (2021). How entrepreneurship education at universities influences entrepreneurial intention: Mediating effect based on entrepreneurial competence. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, Article 655868. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.655868
Maiyo, J.K., Rono, A.J., Ng’elechei, R.J., & Tubey, R.J. (2016). An Analysis of the Trends and Issues in Entrepreneurship Education. Africa Journal of Technical and Vocational Education and Training, 1(1), 179-187.
Maydiantoro, A., Jaya, T. M. B. S., Basri, M., Yulianti, D., Sinaga, R. M., & Arif, S. (2021). The influence of entrepreneurial attitudes, subjective norms and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Management Information and Decision Sciences, 24(S4), 1-12.
May, A.Y.C. & Hui E.L.K. (2024). The Prospect of Business Undergraduates’ Intention to Engage in Digital Entrepreneurship: Do Government Initiatives Matter?. Public Policy Studies, 10(1), 9-40.
Means, B., Neisler, J., & Langer Research Associates. (2020). Suddenly online: A national survey of undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital Promise.
Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia. (2020). Entrepreneurship Action Plan: Higher Education Institutions (EAP-HEIs) 2021–2025. Putrajaya: Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia. ISBN 978-967-0888-61-3.
Mitrega, M., Forkmann, S., Zaefarian, G., & Henneberg, S. C. (2017). Networking capability in supplier relationships and its impact on product innovation and firm performance. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 37(5), 577–606. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-11-2014-0517
Mohd Noor, N. H., & Malek, E. N. (2021). An application of the Theory of Planned Behavior in determining student entrepreneurship intention. Journal of Administrative Science, 16(1), 1–10.
Mohamed Said, I., & Mohamed, A. M. (2025). Mohamed Said, I., & Mohamed, A. M. (2025). The influence of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. International Social Science Research and Review, 1(1), 1–10.
Nguyen, P.N., & Nguyen, H.H. (2024). Unveiling the link between digital entrepreneurship education and intention among university students in an emerging economy. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 203, 1-20.
Promthong, N. & Chia-Han, Y. (2021). Facilitating Entrepreneurial Creativity through Innovation Networks: A Digital Entrepreneur Perspective. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 9(5), 417-429.
Ramchander, M. (2021). The Influence Of Entrepreneurial Education On Entrepreneurial Intentions Of Business Students At The Durban University Of Technology, 24(3), 1-12.
Raposo, M.L., & do Paço, A.M. (2011). Entrepreneurship education: the relationship between education and entrepreneurial activity. Psicothema, 23(3), 453-7.
Rauch, A., & Hulsink, W. (2014). Putting Entrepreneurship Education Where the Intention to Act Lies: An Investigation Into the Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Behavior. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 14, 187-204.
Renko, M., El Tarabishy, A., Carsrud, A.L., & Brännback, M.E. (2015). Understanding and Measuring Entrepreneurial Leadership Style. Journal of Small Business Management, 53, 54 - 74.
Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M. (2024). SmartPLS 4. Bönningstedt: SmartPLS. Retrieved from https://www.smartpls.com
Sahut, J.-M., Iandoli, L., & Teulon, F. (2021). The age of digital entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 56(3), 1159–1169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00260-8
Sartika, S.H., & Santosa, A.D. (2023). Digital Entrepreneurship Intention of University Students using the Theory of Planned Behavior. Co-Value Jurnal Ekonomi Koperasi dan kewirausahaan, 14(5).
Shmueli, G., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Cheah, J. H., Ting, H., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Predictive Model Assessment in PLS-SEM: Guidelines for Using PLS-Predict. European Journal of Marketing, 53(11), 2322-2347.
Sitaridis, I., & Kitsios, F. (2023). Digital entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education: A review of the literature. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 30(2), 305–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-01-2023-0053
Sobaih, A. E. E., & Elshaer, I. A. (2022). Personal traits and digital entrepreneurship: a mediation model using SmartPLS data analysis. Mathematics, 10(21), 3926.
Sussan, F., & Acs, Z. J. (2017). The digital entrepreneurial ecosystem. Small Business Economics, 49(1), 55-73.
Tavares Damasceno, A., L., Morini, C., Inacio Junior, E., & Da Silva, D. (2023). Assessing the Digital Entrepreneurial Intention of Young University Students about Digital Entrepreneurship. XXVI Seminarios em Administracao, 7, 8, 9, 1-23.
Tennakoon, N., Radulovi?, S., & Kyaruzi, I. S. (2024). The impact of digital education on the success of entrepreneurship: Exploring the interplay between online learning, digital self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention in the digital economy. Economic and Environmental Studies, 24(1), 53–78.
Thompson, E. R. (2009). Individual Entrepreneurial Intent: Construct Clarification and Development of an Internationally Reliable Metric. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 669-694.
Ting Ngoo, Y., Fong Cheah, L., & Ming Tiong, K. (2023). Unveiling the Mindset of Future Digital Entrepreneurs in Malaysia, Asian Journal of Research in Business and Management, [S.l.], 5(1), 295-307.
Torrance, W. E., Rauch, J., Aulet, W., Blum, L., Burke, B., D’Ambrosio, T., Santos, K., Eesley, C., Green, W., Harrington, K., Jacquette, J., Kingma, B., Magelli, P., McConnell, G., Moore, D., Neeley, L., Song, M., Tan, T.-K., Zoller, T., & Zurbuchen, T. (2013). Entrepreneurship education comes of age on campus: The challenges and rewards of bringing entrepreneurship to higher education. SSRN Electronic Journal.
Utami, C. W. (2017). Attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior, entrepreneurship education and self-efficacy toward entrepreneurial intention of university students in Indonesia. European Research Studies Journal, 20(2A), 475–495.
Zhao, F., Barratt-Pugh, L., Standen, P., Redmond, J. & Suseno, Y. (2022). An exploratory study of entrepreneurial social networks in the digital age. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 29(1), 147-173.
Zhao, F. & Collier, A. (2016). Digital Entrepreneurship: Research and Practice. In: 9th Annual Conference of the EuroMed Academy of Business. EuroMed Academy of Business, pp. 2173-2182. ISBN 978-9963-711-43-7
Published
2025-08-20
How to Cite
Chuah, S.-C., Ab Halim, R., Goh, T.-H., & Zukfily, M. Z. (2025). Digital Entrepreneurship Intention among Bumiputera University Students and the Role of Entrepreneurial Education. Information Management and Business Review, 17(2(I)S), 569-580. https://doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v17i2(I)S.4609
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Copyright (c) 2025 Soo-Cheng Chuah, Roslilee Ab Halim, Theng-Huey Goh, Mohd Zawawi Zukfily
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