The Impact of Labour Force Reduction on the Financial Performance of Manufacturing Companies
Keywords:
Labour force, financial performance, manufacturing company, reduction
Abstract
This study attempts to corroborate the impact of labour force reduction on financial performance of manufacturing companies in a developing country. Despite the on-going use of labour force reduction, literature and research on this approach continues to yield mixed results. This desktop research was therefore conducted with the aim of determining the impact of employing labour force reduction initiatives on financial performance of manufacturing companies. The study reviews the results and findings of empirical and qualitative literature on labour force reduction by previous scholars for a period of 6 years ranging from 2012 to 2017. The phenomenon of labour force reduction has facilitated the research and studies on the area in the past six years, with researchers reaching different conclusions on the practise’s effect on organisations. This has prompted the researchers of this study to critically study labour force reduction methods, factors affecting their success, employees’ reaction to the strategy, the practise effect on productivity and the relationship between labour force reduction and organisation performance.
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References
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Vapnek, J. (2017). Cost-Saving Measures for the Judiciary. International Journal for Court Administration, 4 (4), 45-65. Wei, X. (2015). Understanding Psychological contract breach due to labour cost reduction: contingent upon employee sex and managerial control. Journal of Occupation and Organisational Psychology, 88, 679701. Weigelt, C. & Sarkar, M.B. (2012). Performance implications of outsourcing for technological innovations: managing the efficiency and adaptability trade-off. Strategic Management Journal, 33(4), 189–216. Wickford, R. (2016). Strategic Human Resource Planning. Second Edition. Canada: Thomson Learning Yu, M., Chern, C. & Hsiao, B. (2012). Human resource rightsizing using centralized data development analysis: Evidence from Taiwan’s airports, 41(1), 119–130. Zohrabi, M. (2013). Mixed method research: Instruments, validity, reliability and reporting findings. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 3(2),254-276. Zorn, M. L., Norman, P. M., Butler, F. C. & Bhussar, M. S. (2017). Cure or curse: Does downsizing increase the likelihood of bankruptcy? Journal of Business Research, 76(5), 24-33. Zvonicek, R. A. (2012). A study of the California furloughs and their effects on state workers. California: California university’.
Chhiner, N. N. & Currie, E. (2014). Assessing longitudinal relationships between financial performance and downsizing. Management Decision, 52(8),1474- 1490. Cuillan, C. P. & Zheng, X. (2017). Accounting outsourcing and audit lag, Managerial Auditing Journal, 32(3), 276- 294. Darvishmotevali, M., Arasil, H. & Kilic, H. (2017). Effect of job insecurity on frontline performance. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(6), 1724-1744. Datta, K. D. & Basuil, D. A. (2015). Does Employee Downsizing Really Work. Human Resource Management Practices. Springer International Publishing Switzerland,4(4), 197 – 221. DeMeuse, K. P. & Dai, G. (2013). Organizational downsizing: Its effect on financial performance. Online Journal of Managerial Issues, 25(4), 324–344. Drensky, F. & Heinz, M. (2014). The Hidden Costs of Downsizing. The Economic Journal, 126(7), 2324- 2341. Fraher, A, L. (2013). Airline downsizing and it impact on team performance. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 19(1/2),109-126. Gandolfi, F. (2013). Employee Downsizing of the Banking Sector in Portugal: A Case Study. Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing, 9(8),1105-1118. Garcia – Cabrera, A. & Hernandez, F. G. (2014). Differentiating the Three Components of Resistance to Change: The Moderating Effect of Organization- Based Self-Esteem on the Employee Involvement – Resistance Relation. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 25(4), 441 – 469. Garnero, A., Giuliano, R., Mahy, B. & Rycx, F. (2016). Productivity, wages and profits among Belgian firms: do fixed- term contracts matter?’ International Journal of Manpower, 37(2), 303-322. Gensler, L. (2016). Profits Are Still Tumbling at America's Big Oil Companies. Forbes Available at: http://www.forbes.com/sites/laurengensler/2016/10/28/exxonmobilchevron-earnings-oil-prices2/#5cde1e5c18e8< (Retrieved 30 October 2017) George, J. M. (2014). Compassion and capitalism: Implications for organizational studies. Journal of Management, 40(1), 5–15. Goesaert, T., Heinz, M. & Vanormelingen, S. (2015). Downsizing and firm performance: Evidence from German firm data. Industrial and Corporate Change, 24(6),1443–1472. Grebe, K, S. (2013). The importance of being genuinely sorry when organisations apologise: how the Australian Wheat Board (AWB Limited) was damaged even further by its response to a corporate scandal. Journal of Public Affairs, 13(1),100- 110. Greenbaum, R. L., Mawritz, M. B. & Eissa, G. (2012). Bottom-line mentality as an antecedent of social undermining and the moderating roles of core self-evaluations and conscientiousness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(2), 343-59. Habel, J. & Klarmann, M. (2015). Customer reactions to downsizing: when and how is satisfaction affected? Journal of the Academic Marketing Science, 43(6), 768-789. Halbesleben, J. R. B., Bellairs, T. & Mandeville, A. M. (2014). A meaning maintenance model of impact of furloughs on family.’ Paper presented at the 2014 Society of Industrial and Organizational Psychology conference, Honolulu, HI. Halbesleben, J. R. B., Wheeler, A. R. & Paustian- Underdahl, S. (2013). The impact of furloughs on emotional exhaustion, self-rated performance, and recovery experiences. Journal of Applied Psychology, 98(3), 492-503. Hamed, W., Bowra, A. B., Aleem, M. & Hussain, A. (2013). An Empirical investigation of downsizing a study of banking sector of Pakistan. African Journal of Business Management, 7(17), 1640-1647. Han, K. & Mithas, S. (2013). Information technology outsourcing and non-IT operating costs: an empirical investigation. MIS Quarterly, 37(6), 315–331. Haque, M., Titi Amayah, A. & Liu, L. (2016). The role of vision in organizational readiness for change and growth. Leadership & Organizational Development Journal, 37(7), 983-99. Ho, C. & Wei, C. (2016). Effects of outsources service providers’ experiences on perceived service quality. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 116(8), 1656-1677. Holtom, B. C. & Burch, T. C. (2016). A model of turnover-based disruption in customer services. Human Resource Management Review, 26(1),25–36. Invernizzi, E., Romenti, S. & Fumagalli, M. (2012). Identity, communication and change management in Ferrari. Corporate Communication: An International Journal, 17(4), 483-97. Ivancevich, J. & Konopaske, R. (2013). Human resource management 12th edition Singapore: McGraw-Hill
Jung, B., Kim, B., Lee, W. & Yoo, C. (2017). Are Layoff Decisions of American Corporations Efficient? KAIST College of Business Working Paper Series No. 2016-001. Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(7), 1519–1535. Kavadis, N. & Castañer, X. (2015). Who drives corporate restructuring? Co- Existing owners in French firms. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 23(5), 417- 433. Ko, J. R. & Yeh, Y. Y. (2013). Worker satisfaction following employment restructuring: Effects of Nonstandard workers and downsizing on job satisfaction in Taiwan. Springer Science + Business, 110, 453-467. Lahiri, S. (2016). Does Outsourcing Really Improve Firm Performance? Empirical Evidence and Research Agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(5),464- 497. Lam, A., Fox, K., Fan, W., Moen, P., Kelly, E. & Hammer, L. (2015). Manager Characteristics and employee job insecurity around a merger announcement: the role of status and crossover. The Sociologist Quarterly, 56, 558-580. Lee, S.& Sanders, R. M. (2013). Fridays Are Furlough Days the Impact of Furlough Policy and Strategies for Human Resource. Management During a Severe Economic Recession, 33(3),299-311. Lu, Y., NG, T. & Tao, Z. (2012). Outsourcing, Product Quality, and Contract Enforcement. Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 2(1), 1-30. Luan, C. J., Tien, C. & Chi, Y. C. (2013). Downsizing to the wrong size? A study of the impact of downsizing on firm performance during an economic downturn. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(7), 1519–1535. Mathies, U. (2016). Panasonic: A case study on Constant Change and Reinvention of a World Brand.’ Retrenchment and Recovery. Journal of Management Studies 50(7), 34-98. Miller, K. D., Pentland, B. T. & Choi, S. (2012). Dynamics of performing and remembering organizational routines. Journal of Management Studies, 49(8), 1536–1558 Mugabe, N. (2017). Airzim retrenches 200 workers’ The Herald 18 July [Online] Available at; http://www.herald.co.zw/airzim-retrenches-200-workers/ accessed on 18 July 2017 Ndofor, H. A., Vanevenhoven, J. & Barker, V. L. (2013). Software firm turnarounds in the 1990s: An analysis of reversing decline in a dynamic industry. Strategic Management Journal, 34(9), 1123–1133. Norman, P. M., Butler, F. C. & Ranft, A. L. (2013). Resources matter: Examining the effects of resources on the state of firms following downsizing. Journal of Management, 39(7), 2009–2038. Oke, A. & Kach, A. (2012). Linking sourcing and collaborative strategies to ï¬nancial performance: the role of operational innovation. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 18(6), 46–59. Oke, A. & Onwuegbuzie, H. (2013). Outsourcing, subcontracting and radical innovativeness: the moderating effect of manufacturing strategy. Journal of Manufacturing Technology, 24(4), 511–535. Pearce, J. & Robinson, R. (2015). Strategic management: planning for domestic and global competition 14th edition Singapore: McGraw-Hill Powell, R. & Yawson, A. (2012). Internal restructuring and film survival. International Review of Finance, 12(4), 435-467. Rehman, W. & Naeem, H. (2012). The impact of downsizing on the performance of survived employees: A case study of Pakistan. African journal of business management, 6(7), 2429 – 2434. Reynaud, B. (2013). Workforce reduction and firm performance: Evidence from French firm data. SocioEconomic Review, 11(4), 711–737. Richter, M. & König, C. J. (2016). Explaining individuals’ justification of layoffs. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 47(3), 331-346. Sahoo, C. K. (2014). HR powers turn-around at Talcher thermal plant. Human Resource Management International Digest, 22(4), 16-18. Schenkel, A. & Teigland, R. (2017). Why doesn’t downsizing deliver? A multi-level model integrating downsizing, social capital, dynamic capabilities, and firm performance. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(7), 1065-1107. Shepherd, R. L. (2017). Federally Mandated FURLOUGHS: The Effect on Organizational Commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Defence Acquisition Research Journal: A Publication of the Defence Acquisition University, 24(1), 162–189. Tangpong, C., Abebe, M. & Li, Z. (2015). A temporal approach to retrenchment and successful turnaround in declining firms. Journal of Management Studies, 52(5), 34-45. Tomprou, M., Rousseau, M. D. & Hansen, S. D. (2015). The Psychological contracts of violation victims: A postviolation model. Journal of Organisational Behaviour, 36,561-581.
Vapnek, J. (2017). Cost-Saving Measures for the Judiciary. International Journal for Court Administration, 4 (4), 45-65. Wei, X. (2015). Understanding Psychological contract breach due to labour cost reduction: contingent upon employee sex and managerial control. Journal of Occupation and Organisational Psychology, 88, 679701. Weigelt, C. & Sarkar, M.B. (2012). Performance implications of outsourcing for technological innovations: managing the efficiency and adaptability trade-off. Strategic Management Journal, 33(4), 189–216. Wickford, R. (2016). Strategic Human Resource Planning. Second Edition. Canada: Thomson Learning Yu, M., Chern, C. & Hsiao, B. (2012). Human resource rightsizing using centralized data development analysis: Evidence from Taiwan’s airports, 41(1), 119–130. Zohrabi, M. (2013). Mixed method research: Instruments, validity, reliability and reporting findings. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 3(2),254-276. Zorn, M. L., Norman, P. M., Butler, F. C. & Bhussar, M. S. (2017). Cure or curse: Does downsizing increase the likelihood of bankruptcy? Journal of Business Research, 76(5), 24-33. Zvonicek, R. A. (2012). A study of the California furloughs and their effects on state workers. California: California university’.
Published
2018-05-19
How to Cite
N., W., C., G. D., C., M., & O., W. V. (2018). The Impact of Labour Force Reduction on the Financial Performance of Manufacturing Companies. Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 10(2(J), 20-32. https://doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i2(J).2214
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Copyright (c) 2018 Wadesango N., Gwangwadza D. C., Mhaka C., Wadesango V. O.
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