Analyzing the Impact of Financial Liberalisation on Malaysian Bank's Performance: Quantile Regression Analysis
Keywords:
Financial Liberalisation, bank performance, quantile.
Abstract
This study employs quantile regression analysis to examine the impact of financial liberalization on the performance of Malaysian banks, focusing on how these effects vary across different performance levels. A liberalized banking sector prompted commercial banks to intensify risk-taking activities, which ultimately could affect the bank’s performance. Using quantile regression analysis, it shows that only the middle quantile indicates all the significant variables for both OLS and quantile analysis. This study found that lower-performing banks may face adverse effects, including increased risk and deteriorating performance, due to heightened financial liberalization. The findings highlight the differential impact of financial liberalization across the performance spectrum and suggest that while liberalization can drive economic growth targeted regulatory measures are necessary to support less and mitigate potential risks to overall financial stability in Malaysia.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abdullah, N., Kamaruddin, S., & Sulaiman, N. (2004). Financial liberalization and bank performance: The case of Malaysia. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 12(4), 322-335.
Ahmad, W. (2023). Non-linear panel data liquidity model of Islamic and conventional banks. Information Management and Business Review, 15(4(SI)I), 316-325. https://doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v15i4(si)i.3605
Aldizar, A., & Agustina, R. (2022). The impact of financial liberalization on bank performance: Evidence from emerging markets. Journal of Banking & Finance, 136, 106249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2022.106249
Allegret, J. P., Courbis, B., & Dulbecco, P. H. (2003). Financial liberalization and stability of the financial system in emerging markets: The institutional dimension of financial crises. Review of International Political Economy, 10(1), 73-92.
Amissah, M., & Opoku, O. (2023). Effect of capital adequacy requirement on profitability of selected banks listed on Ghana Stock Exchange. Journal of Management Studies and Development, 2(01), 13-25. https://doi.org/10.56741/jmsd.v2i01.174
Andri, D., Capraru, B., & Pelinescu, E. (2012). The effects of financial liberalization on bank performance: Evidence from South Eastern European countries. Theoretical and Applied Economics, 19(8), 37-56.
Andries, A. M., & Capraru, B. (2011). The effects of financial liberalization on bank performance: Evidence from European countries. International Journal of Financial Research, 2(3), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v2n3p1
Arestis, P., & Phelps, P. (2019). A panel analysis of Brazilian regional inequality. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 51(7), 1558-1585. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518x19842584
Arif, I., & Anees, M. (2012). The impact of financial liberalization on bank performance: Evidence from Pakistan. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 17(2), 165-177. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.446
Athanasoglou, P. P., Brissimis, S. N., & Delis, M. D. (2008). Bank-specific, industry-specific and macroeconomic determinants of bank profitability. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 18(2), 121-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2006.07.001
Balami, S. & Chalise, D. (2023). Capital Adequacy and its Influence on Bank Profitability in Nepal. International Journal of Silkroad Institute of Research and Training. 1, 106-114. 10.3126/ijsirt.v1i2.61771.
Bekaert, G., Harvey, C. R., & Lundblad, C. (2005). Does financial liberalization spur growth? Journal of Financial Economics, 77(1), 3-55.
Ben-Ahmed, A. (2023). Exploring the interplay between credit and liquidity risks. Journal of Financial Risk Management, 12(4), 567-589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfrm.2023.100567
Berger, A. N., Klapper, L. F., & Turk-Ariss, R. (2009). Bank competition and financial stability. Journal of Financial Services Research, 35(2), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10693-008-0066-0
Buchinsky, M. (1994). Changes in the U.S. wage structure 1963-1987: The role of demand shifts. The Journal of Political Economy, 102(3), 400-415. https://doi.org/10.1086/261918
Buchinsky, M. (1995). Quantile regression, sample selection, and the distribution of wage changes. The Journal of Econometrics, 65(1), 49-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(94)01666-Y
Bumann, S., Hermes, N., & Lensink, R. (2013). Financial liberalization and economic growth: A meta-analysis. Journal of International Money and Finance, 33, 255-281.
Chen, J., & Lin, J. (2016). Financial liberalization, bank performance, and systemic risk. Journal of Financial Stability, 22, 40-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2016.05.003
Chen, W., Hribar, P. and Melessa, S. (2017). Incorrect Inferences When Using Residuals as Dependent Variables Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2597429 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2597429
Claessens, S., & van Horen, N. (2014). Globalization of retail and corporate banking: Recent developments and implications. Journal of Financial Stability, 15, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2014.08.001
Daniel, B. C., & Jones, B. J. (2007). Financial liberalization and banking crises in emerging economies. Journal of International Economics, 72(1), 202-221.
Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Detragiache, E. (1998). Financial liberalization and financial fragility. IMF Working Paper WP/98/83. Available at: IMF
Dietrich, A., & Wanzenried, G. (2011). Determinants of bank profitability before and during the financial crisis. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 21(3), 307-327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2010.11.002
Eide, E. & Showalter, M. (2011). Estimating the relation between health and education: What do we know and what do we need to know? Economics of Education Review. 30, 778-791. 10.1016/j.econedurev.2011.03.009.
Elryah, D., & Ali, Y. (2014). A study of Malaysian Islamic banks competitiveness (Logit regression approach). International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 2(1), 31-38.
Farhat, C. (2023). Determinants of banking sector development in developing and emerging economies: Unveiling the role of economic growth, trade openness, and financial liberalization. Banks and Bank Systems, 18(3), 177-191. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.18(3).2023.15
Fung, H. G., & Fung, M. K. (2016). Quantile regression analysis of financial liberalization effects on bank performance. International Review of Economics & Finance, 44, 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2016.04.001
Gharaibeh, O., Kharabsheh, B., & Daoud, K. (2022). Risks, bank concentration and their impact on stability in Jordanian commercial banks. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 11(5), 223. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2022-0137
Ghosh, S. (2014). Financial liberalization and bank performance in emerging economies: A panel data analysis. Journal of Banking & Finance, 40(1), 106-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2013.10.016
Gruben, W., Koo, J., & Moore, R. (2003). Financial liberalization, market discipline and bank risk. CLAE Working Paper, vol. 0303.
Gruben, W. C., & McComb, R. P. (2003). Privatization, competition, and super competition in the Mexican commercial banking system. Journal of Banking & Finance, 27, 229-249.
Hamdi, H., & Boukef, N. J. (2014). Financial liberalization disaggregated capital flows and banking crisis: Evidence from developing countries. Economic Modelling, 41, 124-132.
Harkati, R., Alhabshi, S., & Kassim, S. (2020). Does the capital adequacy ratio influence the risk-taking behavior of conventional and Islamic banks differently? Empirical evidence from the dual banking system of Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 11(10), 1989-2015. https://doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-11-2019-0212
Kim, H. K., Lin, M., & Suardi, S. (2022). The impact of financial liberalization on bank performance: Evidence from emerging economies. Journal of Financial Economics, 146(3), 691-710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2022.01.002
Ko?enda, E., & Iwasaki, I. (2021). Bank asset quality and financial stability in emerging markets. Journal of Financial Stability, 53, 100805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2021.100805
Koenker, R., & Bassett, G. (1978). Regression quantiles. Econometrica, 46(1), 33-50. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913643
Koenker, R., & Hallock, K. F. (2001). Quantile regression. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15(4), 143-156.
Levine, R. (2005). Finance and growth: Theory and evidence. In Handbook of Economic Growth (Vol. 1, pp. 865-934). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0684(05)01013-6
Levine, R., Loayza, N., & Beck, T. (2000). Financial intermediation and growth: Causality and causes. Journal of Monetary Economics, 46(1), 31-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3932(00)00017-9
Liu, L. (2016). The impact of financial liberalization on bank stability and performance: Evidence from emerging markets. Emerging Markets Review, 27, 28-46.
Ma, Y., & Soh, W. (2021). The impact of liberalization on determinants of bank efficiency: Evidence from Malaysian commercial banks. Studies of Applied Economics, 39(12). https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v39i12.5813
McKinnon, R. I. (1973). Money and Capital in Economic Development. The Brookings Institution.
Mohammad, K. (2024). Liquid asset holdings and banking profitability: Evidence from South Asia. Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, 13(2), 129-152. https://doi.org/10.2478/jcbtp-2024-0016
Mosteller, F., & Tukey, J. W. (1977). Data Analysis and Regression: A Second Course in Statistics. Addison-Wesley.
Moyo, C., & Roux, P. (2020). Financial liberalization, financial development and financial crises in SADC countries. Journal of Financial Economic Policy, 12(4), 477-494. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-07-2018-0102
Muriithi, J., & Waweru, K. (2017). Liquidity risk and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 9(3), 256. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v9n3p256
Nguyen, D. P., Skully, M., & Perera, S. (2021). Financial liberalization and bank performance: Evidence from Asia. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 65, 101474.
Odekina, I. (2019). Effect of capital adequacy, credit risk and operating efficiency on the performance of commercial banks in Nigeria. Financial Markets, Institutions & Risks, 3(1), 106-114. https://doi.org/10.21272/fmir.3(1).106-114.2019
Rajan, R. G., & Zingales, L. (2003). The great reversals: The politics of financial development in the 20th century. Journal of Financial Economics, 69(1), 5-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(03)00144-4
Ranciere, R., Tornell, A., & Westermann, F. (2006). Decomposing the effects of financial liberalization: Crises vs. growth. Journal of Banking & Finance, 30(12), 3331-3348.
Rathnayake, R., Seneviratne, H., & Thilakarathne, R. (2022). The impact of financial liberalization on banking sector performance: Evidence from emerging markets. Journal of Financial Economics, 45(3), 567-583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2022.05.003
Roman, M., & Danuletiu, D. (2013). The effects of financial liberalization on bank performance: Evidence from Romania. Procedia Economics and Finance, 6, 546-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(13)00125-6
Sah, A., & Saud, S. (2022). Impact of financial ratios, operational efficiency, and non-performing loans on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The Lumbini Journal of Business and Economics, 10(1-2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3126/ljbe.v10i1-2.53884
Samail, A., Chowdhury, S., & Hasan, M. (2018). Financial liberalization and its impact on bank performance: Evidence from the Middle East and North Africa region. Emerging Markets Review, 36, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2018.10.003
Setiawan, A., & Muchtar, S. (2021). Factors affecting the capital adequacy ratio of banks listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Jurnal Ekonomi, 26(1), 153. https://doi.org/10.24912/je.v26i1.733
Shaw, E. S. (1973). Financial Deepening in Economic Development. Oxford University Press.
Shehzad, C. T., & De Hann, J. (2008). Financial liberalization and banking crises. University of Groningen Working Paper.
Shen, C.-H., Chen, H.-J., & Chen, Y.-K. (2020). Financial liberalization, bank risk-taking and crisis: A meta-analysis. Journal of Financial Stability, 47, 100733.
Sufian, F., & Hassan, M. K. (2012). The impact of financial liberalization on bank performance in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 22(4), 1043-1063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2012.03.004
Unite, A. A., & Sullivan, M. J. (2003). The effect of foreign entry and ownership structure on the Philippine domestic banking market. Journal of Banking & Finance, 27, 2323-2345.
Wang, S., & Luo, R. (2023). Income distribution, financial liberalizations and banking stability: Theory and international evidence. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 29(3), 2837-2864. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2809
Yahaya, O. A., Mohammed, I., Mohammed, S. G. (2022). Board governance and sustainability disclosure of Nigeria listed deposit money banks. European Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Research, 10(5), 126-147
Ahmad, W. (2023). Non-linear panel data liquidity model of Islamic and conventional banks. Information Management and Business Review, 15(4(SI)I), 316-325. https://doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v15i4(si)i.3605
Aldizar, A., & Agustina, R. (2022). The impact of financial liberalization on bank performance: Evidence from emerging markets. Journal of Banking & Finance, 136, 106249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2022.106249
Allegret, J. P., Courbis, B., & Dulbecco, P. H. (2003). Financial liberalization and stability of the financial system in emerging markets: The institutional dimension of financial crises. Review of International Political Economy, 10(1), 73-92.
Amissah, M., & Opoku, O. (2023). Effect of capital adequacy requirement on profitability of selected banks listed on Ghana Stock Exchange. Journal of Management Studies and Development, 2(01), 13-25. https://doi.org/10.56741/jmsd.v2i01.174
Andri, D., Capraru, B., & Pelinescu, E. (2012). The effects of financial liberalization on bank performance: Evidence from South Eastern European countries. Theoretical and Applied Economics, 19(8), 37-56.
Andries, A. M., & Capraru, B. (2011). The effects of financial liberalization on bank performance: Evidence from European countries. International Journal of Financial Research, 2(3), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v2n3p1
Arestis, P., & Phelps, P. (2019). A panel analysis of Brazilian regional inequality. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 51(7), 1558-1585. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518x19842584
Arif, I., & Anees, M. (2012). The impact of financial liberalization on bank performance: Evidence from Pakistan. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 17(2), 165-177. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.446
Athanasoglou, P. P., Brissimis, S. N., & Delis, M. D. (2008). Bank-specific, industry-specific and macroeconomic determinants of bank profitability. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 18(2), 121-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2006.07.001
Balami, S. & Chalise, D. (2023). Capital Adequacy and its Influence on Bank Profitability in Nepal. International Journal of Silkroad Institute of Research and Training. 1, 106-114. 10.3126/ijsirt.v1i2.61771.
Bekaert, G., Harvey, C. R., & Lundblad, C. (2005). Does financial liberalization spur growth? Journal of Financial Economics, 77(1), 3-55.
Ben-Ahmed, A. (2023). Exploring the interplay between credit and liquidity risks. Journal of Financial Risk Management, 12(4), 567-589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfrm.2023.100567
Berger, A. N., Klapper, L. F., & Turk-Ariss, R. (2009). Bank competition and financial stability. Journal of Financial Services Research, 35(2), 99-118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10693-008-0066-0
Buchinsky, M. (1994). Changes in the U.S. wage structure 1963-1987: The role of demand shifts. The Journal of Political Economy, 102(3), 400-415. https://doi.org/10.1086/261918
Buchinsky, M. (1995). Quantile regression, sample selection, and the distribution of wage changes. The Journal of Econometrics, 65(1), 49-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(94)01666-Y
Bumann, S., Hermes, N., & Lensink, R. (2013). Financial liberalization and economic growth: A meta-analysis. Journal of International Money and Finance, 33, 255-281.
Chen, J., & Lin, J. (2016). Financial liberalization, bank performance, and systemic risk. Journal of Financial Stability, 22, 40-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2016.05.003
Chen, W., Hribar, P. and Melessa, S. (2017). Incorrect Inferences When Using Residuals as Dependent Variables Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2597429 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2597429
Claessens, S., & van Horen, N. (2014). Globalization of retail and corporate banking: Recent developments and implications. Journal of Financial Stability, 15, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2014.08.001
Daniel, B. C., & Jones, B. J. (2007). Financial liberalization and banking crises in emerging economies. Journal of International Economics, 72(1), 202-221.
Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Detragiache, E. (1998). Financial liberalization and financial fragility. IMF Working Paper WP/98/83. Available at: IMF
Dietrich, A., & Wanzenried, G. (2011). Determinants of bank profitability before and during the financial crisis. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 21(3), 307-327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2010.11.002
Eide, E. & Showalter, M. (2011). Estimating the relation between health and education: What do we know and what do we need to know? Economics of Education Review. 30, 778-791. 10.1016/j.econedurev.2011.03.009.
Elryah, D., & Ali, Y. (2014). A study of Malaysian Islamic banks competitiveness (Logit regression approach). International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 2(1), 31-38.
Farhat, C. (2023). Determinants of banking sector development in developing and emerging economies: Unveiling the role of economic growth, trade openness, and financial liberalization. Banks and Bank Systems, 18(3), 177-191. https://doi.org/10.21511/bbs.18(3).2023.15
Fung, H. G., & Fung, M. K. (2016). Quantile regression analysis of financial liberalization effects on bank performance. International Review of Economics & Finance, 44, 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2016.04.001
Gharaibeh, O., Kharabsheh, B., & Daoud, K. (2022). Risks, bank concentration and their impact on stability in Jordanian commercial banks. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 11(5), 223. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2022-0137
Ghosh, S. (2014). Financial liberalization and bank performance in emerging economies: A panel data analysis. Journal of Banking & Finance, 40(1), 106-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2013.10.016
Gruben, W., Koo, J., & Moore, R. (2003). Financial liberalization, market discipline and bank risk. CLAE Working Paper, vol. 0303.
Gruben, W. C., & McComb, R. P. (2003). Privatization, competition, and super competition in the Mexican commercial banking system. Journal of Banking & Finance, 27, 229-249.
Hamdi, H., & Boukef, N. J. (2014). Financial liberalization disaggregated capital flows and banking crisis: Evidence from developing countries. Economic Modelling, 41, 124-132.
Harkati, R., Alhabshi, S., & Kassim, S. (2020). Does the capital adequacy ratio influence the risk-taking behavior of conventional and Islamic banks differently? Empirical evidence from the dual banking system of Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 11(10), 1989-2015. https://doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-11-2019-0212
Kim, H. K., Lin, M., & Suardi, S. (2022). The impact of financial liberalization on bank performance: Evidence from emerging economies. Journal of Financial Economics, 146(3), 691-710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2022.01.002
Ko?enda, E., & Iwasaki, I. (2021). Bank asset quality and financial stability in emerging markets. Journal of Financial Stability, 53, 100805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2021.100805
Koenker, R., & Bassett, G. (1978). Regression quantiles. Econometrica, 46(1), 33-50. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913643
Koenker, R., & Hallock, K. F. (2001). Quantile regression. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15(4), 143-156.
Levine, R. (2005). Finance and growth: Theory and evidence. In Handbook of Economic Growth (Vol. 1, pp. 865-934). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0684(05)01013-6
Levine, R., Loayza, N., & Beck, T. (2000). Financial intermediation and growth: Causality and causes. Journal of Monetary Economics, 46(1), 31-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3932(00)00017-9
Liu, L. (2016). The impact of financial liberalization on bank stability and performance: Evidence from emerging markets. Emerging Markets Review, 27, 28-46.
Ma, Y., & Soh, W. (2021). The impact of liberalization on determinants of bank efficiency: Evidence from Malaysian commercial banks. Studies of Applied Economics, 39(12). https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v39i12.5813
McKinnon, R. I. (1973). Money and Capital in Economic Development. The Brookings Institution.
Mohammad, K. (2024). Liquid asset holdings and banking profitability: Evidence from South Asia. Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, 13(2), 129-152. https://doi.org/10.2478/jcbtp-2024-0016
Mosteller, F., & Tukey, J. W. (1977). Data Analysis and Regression: A Second Course in Statistics. Addison-Wesley.
Moyo, C., & Roux, P. (2020). Financial liberalization, financial development and financial crises in SADC countries. Journal of Financial Economic Policy, 12(4), 477-494. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-07-2018-0102
Muriithi, J., & Waweru, K. (2017). Liquidity risk and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 9(3), 256. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v9n3p256
Nguyen, D. P., Skully, M., & Perera, S. (2021). Financial liberalization and bank performance: Evidence from Asia. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 65, 101474.
Odekina, I. (2019). Effect of capital adequacy, credit risk and operating efficiency on the performance of commercial banks in Nigeria. Financial Markets, Institutions & Risks, 3(1), 106-114. https://doi.org/10.21272/fmir.3(1).106-114.2019
Rajan, R. G., & Zingales, L. (2003). The great reversals: The politics of financial development in the 20th century. Journal of Financial Economics, 69(1), 5-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(03)00144-4
Ranciere, R., Tornell, A., & Westermann, F. (2006). Decomposing the effects of financial liberalization: Crises vs. growth. Journal of Banking & Finance, 30(12), 3331-3348.
Rathnayake, R., Seneviratne, H., & Thilakarathne, R. (2022). The impact of financial liberalization on banking sector performance: Evidence from emerging markets. Journal of Financial Economics, 45(3), 567-583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2022.05.003
Roman, M., & Danuletiu, D. (2013). The effects of financial liberalization on bank performance: Evidence from Romania. Procedia Economics and Finance, 6, 546-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(13)00125-6
Sah, A., & Saud, S. (2022). Impact of financial ratios, operational efficiency, and non-performing loans on the profitability of Nepalese commercial banks. The Lumbini Journal of Business and Economics, 10(1-2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3126/ljbe.v10i1-2.53884
Samail, A., Chowdhury, S., & Hasan, M. (2018). Financial liberalization and its impact on bank performance: Evidence from the Middle East and North Africa region. Emerging Markets Review, 36, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2018.10.003
Setiawan, A., & Muchtar, S. (2021). Factors affecting the capital adequacy ratio of banks listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Jurnal Ekonomi, 26(1), 153. https://doi.org/10.24912/je.v26i1.733
Shaw, E. S. (1973). Financial Deepening in Economic Development. Oxford University Press.
Shehzad, C. T., & De Hann, J. (2008). Financial liberalization and banking crises. University of Groningen Working Paper.
Shen, C.-H., Chen, H.-J., & Chen, Y.-K. (2020). Financial liberalization, bank risk-taking and crisis: A meta-analysis. Journal of Financial Stability, 47, 100733.
Sufian, F., & Hassan, M. K. (2012). The impact of financial liberalization on bank performance in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 22(4), 1043-1063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2012.03.004
Unite, A. A., & Sullivan, M. J. (2003). The effect of foreign entry and ownership structure on the Philippine domestic banking market. Journal of Banking & Finance, 27, 2323-2345.
Wang, S., & Luo, R. (2023). Income distribution, financial liberalizations and banking stability: Theory and international evidence. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 29(3), 2837-2864. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2809
Yahaya, O. A., Mohammed, I., Mohammed, S. G. (2022). Board governance and sustainability disclosure of Nigeria listed deposit money banks. European Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance Research, 10(5), 126-147
Published
2024-10-05
How to Cite
Arifin, N. A. M., Osman, I., Shaharuddin, N., & Mat Nor, F. (2024). Analyzing the Impact of Financial Liberalisation on Malaysian Bank’s Performance: Quantile Regression Analysis . Information Management and Business Review, 16(3(I)S), 464-474. https://doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v16i3(I)S.4074
Issue
Section
Research Paper
Copyright (c) 2024 Nur Afizah Muhamad Arifin, Ismah Osman, Norhasimah Shaharuddin, Fauzias Mat Nor
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Author (s) should affirm that the material has not been published previously. It has not been submitted and it is not under consideration by any other journal. At the same time author (s) need to execute a publication permission agreement to assume the responsibility of the submitted content and any omissions and errors therein. After submission of revised paper in the light of suggestions of the reviewers, the editorial team edits and formats manuscripts to bring uniformity and standardization in published material.
This work will be licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) and under condition of the license, users are free to read, copy, remix, transform, redistribute, download, print, search or link to the full texts of articles and even build upon their work as long as they credit the author for the original work. Moreover, as per journal policy author (s) hold and retain copyrights without any restrictions.
