Occupational Stress and Work-Life Balance in the Manufacturing Industry
Keywords:
Work-life balance, Occupational stress, Conflict at work, Job environment, Job requirement.
Abstract
The manufacturing industry has become a crucial sector in Malaysia, leading to a high demand for employees, especially in management positions. However, job stress is a prevalent issue that can affect employees' work-life balance. Thus, this study aims to identify the factors that contribute to job stress in the private sector, specifically at the management level, which is vital for ensuring smooth daily operations. Private sector employees have the most control over occupational stress. The study focuses on conflict at work, job requirements, and job environment as contributing factors. A self-administered survey questionnaire was used to gather data, with 201 sets distributed to employees in food manufacturing at Selangor. The analysis of 190 valid questionnaires using the latest version of Statistic Packages for Social Science (SPSS) revealed that there is a significant influence of occupational stress on employees' work-life balance in the manufacturing industry with the work environment as the most influential factor. Conflict at work is the second most influential factor, while job requirements do not significantly contribute to job stress. The findings of this study can help managers and business owners in the manufacturing industry to understand the factors that cause employee, and job stress and encourage them to focus on implementing strategies to reduce stress in the workplace.
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References
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Bina, J. & Peter, A. (2014). Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Work-Life Balance–A Global Perspective. Journal of Exclusive Management Science, 3, 3-2277.
Bodin, T., Ça?layan, Ç., Garde, A. H., Gnesi, M., Jonsson, J., Kiran, S., Kreshpaj, B., Leinonen, T., Mehlum, I. S., Nena, E., Orellana, C., Peckham, T., Seixas, N. & Vanroelen, C. (2020). Precarious employment in occupational health – an OMEGA-NET working group position paper. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 46(3), 321–329.
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De Dreu, C. K., & Gelfand, M. J. (2008). Conflict in the workplace: Sources, functions, and dynamics across multiple levels of analysis. The psychology of conflict and conflict management in organizations, 3-54.
Delecta, P. (2011). Work-Life Balance. International Journal of Current Research, 3(4), 186-186.
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Department of Statistics Malaysia. (DOSM), Ministry of Economy. https://www.dosm.gov.my/
Dodanwala, T. C., Santoso, D. S. & Shrestha, P. (2022). The mediating role of work–family conflict on role overload and job stress linkage, Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 12(6), 924- 939. https://doi.org/10.1108/BEPAM-12-2021-0153
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Elsbach, K. D. & Stigliani, I. (2018). Design Thinking and Organizational Culture: A Review and Framework for Future Research. Journal of Management, 44, 2274-2306.
Fila, M. & Purl, J. & Griffeth, R. (2017). Job Demands, Control and Support: Meta-Analyzing Moderator Effects of Gender, Nationality, and Occupation. Human Resource Management Review. 27.10.1016/j.hrmr.2016.09.004.
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Fontinha, R., Easton, S. & Laar, D. (2019). Overtime and quality of working life in academics and nonacademic: The role of perceived work-life balance. International Journal of Stress Management, 26, 173-183.
Giorgi G., Arcangeli G., Perminiene M., Lorini C., Ariza-Montes A., Fiz-Perez J, Di Fabio, A. & Mucci N.(2017) Work-Related Stress in the Banking Sector: A Review of Incidence, Correlated Factors, and Major Consequences. Front Psychol. Dec 12;8:2166. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02166. PMID: 29312044; PMCID: PMC5733012.
Gigauri, I. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on Human Resource Management from the Perspective of Digitalization and Work-life-balance. International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Economy. 4. 10.31435/rsglobal_ijite/30092020/7148.
Greenwood, G. & Haar, J. M. (2017). Understanding the Effect of Intragroup Conflict: A test of Moderation and Mediation. New Zealand Journal of Employment Relations, 43(1), 14-35.
Hannah, S. T., Perez, A. L. U., Lester, P. B. & Quick, J. C. (2020). Bolstering Workplace Psychological Well-Being through Transactional and Transformational Leadership. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 27(3), 222–240. https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051820933623
Haar, J., Sunyer, A., Russo, M. & Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2019). A Cross-National Study on the Antecedents of Work–Life Balance from the Fit and Balance Perspective. Social Indicators Research, 142. 10.1007/s11205-018-1875-6.
Irawati, R., & Dini Arimbi, C. (2017). Analisis Pengaruh Beban Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Operator pada PT Giken Precision Indonesia. Jurnal Inovasi dan Bisnis, 5(1), 53-58.
Jaharuddin, N. & Zainol, L. (2019). The Impact of Work-Life Balance on Job Engagement and Turnover Intention. The South East Asian Journal of Management, 13(10).
Kakar, A. (2017). How do team conflicts impact knowledge sharing? Knowledge Management Research & Practice. 16. 1-11. 10.1080/14778238.2017.1401194.
Kalpna, D. & Malhotra, M. (2019). Relationship of work-life balance with occupational stress among female personnel of Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), India. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 6(7), 1380–1387.
Karamchandani, K. and Dubule, V. K. (2020). Job Anxiety and Occupational Stress among Employees of IT Sector: Impact on their Attitude towards Management. (2020). International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3620724
Kiburz, K. M., Allen, T. D. & French, K. A. (2017). Work-family conflict and mindfulness: investigating the effectiveness of a brief training intervention, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38(7), 1016-1037, doi: 10.1002/job.2181.
Mano, R. J. & Sathya, S. D. (2017). Work-Life Balance of Employees and its Effect on Work-Related Factors in Nationalized Banks. Shanlax International Journal of Management, 4, 29-35.
Matthews, R. A., Mills, M. J., Trout, R. C. & English, L. (2014). Family-supportive supervisor behaviors, work engagement, and subjective well-being: a contextually dependent mediated process, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 19(2), 168, doi: 10.1037/a0036012.
Mattarelli, E., Cochis, C., Bertolotti, F. & Ungureanu, P. (2022). How designed work environment and enacted work interactions impact creativity and work–life balance. European Journal of Innovation Management, 10.1108/EJIM-01-2022-0028.
Michailidis M. & Georgiou, Y. (2005) Employee occupational stress in banking. Work. 24(2):123-37. PMID: 15860902.
Meier, A., Carr, A., Neimeyer, R. & Currier, J. (2013). Attachment Anxiety and Avoidance in Coping with Bereavement: Two Studies. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. 32. 315-334. 10.1521/jscp.2013.32.3.315.
Hemalatha, M. & Rajeswari, P. (2017). Analysis of Occupational Stress Among High School Teachers in Coimbatore District, Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology (AJAST), 1(4), 16-19,
Mohd, I., Shah, M., Anwar, N. & Mahzumi, N. (2016). Work-life Balance: The effect on Absenteeism among Employees in a Malaysian Utility Company. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 6, 154-157.
Morshidi, N. A. A. & Norafneeza, N. (2019). Investigating occupational stress among bus drivers in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor. 7th Conference on Emerging Energy and Process Technology (CONCEPT 2018), 90.
National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). (2014). Ministry of Human Resources Malaysia. Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 11(1), 1675-5456 PP13199/12/2012 (032005)
Ngo Hang-yue, S. F. & Raymon, L. (2015). Work Role Stressors and Turnover Intentions: A Study of Professional Clergy in Hong Kong. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 16(11), 2133–2146.
Panojan, P., Perera, B. & Dilakshan, R. (2022). Work-life balance of professional quantity surveyors engaged in the construction industry. Int J Constr Manage, 22(5), 751–768.
Rashmi, K. & Kataria, A. (2021). Work–life balance: a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy. 10.1108/IJSSP-06-2021-0145.
Sadiq, M. (2020). Policing in a pandemic: is the perception of workload causing work–family conflict, job dissatisfaction and job stress? Journal of Public Affairs.
Sak, R. (2018). Gender Differences in Turkish Early Childhood Teachers’ Job Satisfaction, Job Burnout and Organizational Cynicism. Early Childhood Educ J, 46, 643–653.
Sánchez-Hernández, M., González-López Ó., Buenadicha-Mateos M. & Tato-Jiménez J. (2019). Work-Life Balance in Great Companies and Pending Issues for Engaging New Generations at Work. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 16(24), 5122. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16245122.
Saratian, E. T. P., Soelton, M., Ali, A. J., Arief, H. & Risf, L. S. F. (2019). The Implication of Work Load in the Workplace That May Provoke Work Stress. South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, 20(5).
Shaffer, M. A., Reiche, B. S., Dimitrova, M., Lazarova, M., Chen, S., Westman, M. & Wurtz, O. (2016). Work and family role adjustment of different types of global professionals: Scale development and validation. Journal of International Business Studies, 47(2), 113-139. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2015.26
Shalley, C. E. & Gilson, L. L. (2004). What Leaders Need to Know: A Review of Social and Contextual Factors That Can Foster or Hinder Creativity. The Leadership Quarterly, 15, 33-53.
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Published
2023-10-08
How to Cite
Che Noordin, N. A. binti, Syed Ahmad, S. F., Mohamed Razali, M. Z., Ahmad, M. F., & Ma’amor, H. (2023). Occupational Stress and Work-Life Balance in the Manufacturing Industry. Information Management and Business Review, 15(3(I), 59-69. https://doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v15i3(I).3517
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Research Paper
Copyright (c) 2023 Nurul Asyilah binti Che Noordin, Sharifah Fazirah Syed Ahmad, Murni Zarina Mohamed Razali, Mohamad Fahimi Ahmad, Hairunnisa Ma’amor
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