The Determinants of Work-Life Balance among Nurses in Public Hospital in Klang Valley
Keywords:
Work-life balance, Workload, Time Management, Work Environment
Abstract
The need to have a healthy work-life balance is generally recognized across several professional domains. The present investigation was carried out within a public health institution situated in the Klang Valley region. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of workload, time management, and work environment on the work-life balance of nurses, who serve as frontline healthcare professionals. The research utilized purposive sampling as one of the quantitative research methods. Online distribution was utilized as the means of data collection. A grand total of 276 questionnaires were appropriately completed and afterward returned. The findings indicate that workload negatively impacts employee work-life balance when compared to aspects such as time management and work environment. All the variables found have a significant impact on employees work-life balance in different positive and negative relationships.
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References
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Fukuzaki, T., Takeda, S., Iwata, N., Ooba, S. & Inoue, M. (2023). Commitment profiles among nurses: combinations of organizational commitment forms and work engagement, psychological distress, and turnover intention. Ind Health, 61(3), 232-236. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.2021-0237. Epub 2022 Mar 29. PMID: 35354696; PMCID: PMC10269838.
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Hashemzadeh, G. R. & Khaksar, S. M. S., Nawaser, K, & Afshar, J. A. (2011). Technological dimension of customer relationship management. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 4, 1565-1572. 10.17485/ijst/2011/v4i11/30288.
Jamaludin, A., Hashim N. H. & Zaini, A. (2022). The Relationship Between Workload, Time Management and Salary on Employee Work-Life Balance in A Private Company. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6, 4591–4600.
Jostell, D. & Hemlin, S. (2018). After-hours teleworking and boundary management: Effects on work-family conflict. Work, 60(3), 475–483. doi:10.3233/wor-182748
Jui-Ying, F, Yi-Ting, C., William, S., Erdley, C. L., Ying-Ju C. (2013). Systematic Review of Effectiveness of Situated E-Learning on Medical and Nursing Education. Worldview on Evidenced Based- Nursing Journal, 10(3), 174-183.
Kalliath, T. & Brough, P. (2008). Achieving work–life balance. Journal of Management & Organization, 14, 224-226. 10.1017/S1833367200003230.
Kamal, H & Irwani, A. (2018). Stress, workload, time management and student performance. In: 2nd Conference on Technology & Operations Management (2ndCTOM), February 26-27, 2018, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Kedah, Malaysia.
Kelly, L. A., Lefton, C. & Fischer, S. A. (2019). Nurse Leader Burnout, Satisfaction, and Work-Life Balance. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(9), 404-410, DOI: 10.1097/NNA.0000000000000784
Khursheed, A., Mustafa, F., Arshad, I. & Gill, S. (2019). Work-Family Conflict among Married Female Professionals in Pakistan. Management Studies and Economic Systems, 4(2), 123-130.
Linda, T. (2005). The role, nature and purpose of leisure and its contribution to individual development and well-being, British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 33, 1, 1-6, DOI: 10.1080/03069880412331335849.
Mabona. J. F., van Rooyen. D. & Ten Ham-Baloyi, W. (2022). Best practice recommendations for healthy work environments for nurses: An integrative literature review. Health SA. doi: 10.4102/hsag.v27i0.1788. PMID: 35548062;
Maiya, U. (2015). A Study on Work Life Balance of Female Nurses With Reference To Multispecialty Hospitals, Mysore City. Asia Pacific Journal Research, 1(28).
Mearin, F., Lacy, B. E. & Chang L., et al. (2016). Bowel Disorders. Gastroenterology, -5085(16)00222-5. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.02.031.
Milutinovi?, D. & Golubovi?, B. & Brkic-Jovanovic, N. & Prokeš, B. (2012). Professional Stress and Health among Critical Care Nurses in Serbia. Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, 63, 171-80. 10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2140.
Nilufar, A, Zaini, A., David, Y. G. F. & Syed, S. A. (2009). A Study of Job Stress on Job Satisfaction among University Staff in Malaysia: Empirical Study. European Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1).
Nur Hawiah, H., Azahari, J. & Ahmad, F. A. Z. (2022), The Relationship Between Workload, Time Management and Salary on Employee Work-Life Balance in A Private Company. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(5), 4591–4600.
Oron-Gilad, T. & Szalma, J. & Stafford, S. & Hancock, P. (2008). The Workload and Performance Relationship in the Real World: A Study of Police Officers in a Field Shooting Exercise. International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics: JOSE. 14, 119-31. 10.1080/10803548.2008.11076757.
Pan, L. C., Chua, B. S. & Rosnah, I. (2020). The Role of Hindrance Stressor and Distress in Teachers’ Work-Life Balance. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. Proceedings of the International Conference on Psychological Studies. DOI 10.2991/assehr.k.210423.025.
Peter, H, Tse, L. T., Cathy, S. & Brian, C. (2019). The impact of perceived workload on nurse satisfaction with work-life balance and intention to leave the occupation, Applied Nursing Research, 49, 70-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2019.06.001.
Robert, K. & Greenleaf. (1970). Leadership-A Journey into the Nature of Legitimate Power and Greatness by Robert K. Greenleaf (338pg, published by Paulist Press 1977)
Prabhashani, R. M. B. & Ratnayaka, R. M. (2017). Determinants of Work-Life Balance among Nurses: Empirical Evidence from Monaragala District General Hospital, Sri Lanka.
Rosario, P. D. (2012). Nursing Time Management Skills You Should Have | NurseTogether.com. All About Nurses, Nurse Communication, Nurse Community | Nurse Together. Retrieved from http://www.nursetogether.com/Lifestyle/Lifestyle- Article/itemid/3260.aspx#.UJ6pX-TqmyU
Saad, M., Jaafar, A. N., Azman Ong, M. H., Yulinda, E. & Muthu Kumarasamy, M. (2022). Managing Family and Work: The Search for the Ideal Work-life Balance. Environment-Behavior Proceedings Journal.
Safaa, M, D. (2019). The Influence of Work-life Balance on Quality Work Life and Life Satisfaction among Head Nurses International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing, 6(2), 1155-1174. www.noveltyjournals.com
Shammika, K. & De Alwis, A. (2015). The Nursing Shortage Impact on Job Outcome (The Case in Sri Lanka). Journal of Competitiveness, 7, 79-94. 10.7441/joc.2015.03.06.
Stoewen, D. L. (2016). Wellness at work: Building healthy workplaces. Can Vet J, 57(11), 1188-1190. PMID: 27807385; PMCID: PMC5081153.
Suguna, S, Ramesh, K., Moona, H. M., Vimala, K., Prem. K. N., Adam, A. Lee. A. K., Azeyan. A. & Che. S. L. Md L. (2018). An Investigation of the Job Performance of Administrative Staff in Government Hospitals, Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Management, 13(10), 1833-3850
Syed, A. & Akhtar, N. (2014). The Influence of Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Commitment of Healthcare Employees. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 4, 10.5296/ijhrs.v4i2.5667.
Theodor, J. (2013). Stewart, Simon French, Jesus Rios, Integrating multi-criteria decision analysis and scenario planning—Review and extension, Omega, 41(4), 679-688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2012.09.003.
Tracey, W. (2004). Working part-time: achieving a successful ‘work-life’ balance? British Journal of Sociology, 55(1), 99-122.
Uzma, K, Sana, S. & Muhammad, A. (2019). Importance of Ethical Decision Making; Application of James Rest Model. Saudi Journal of Nursing and Health Care. Middle East Publishers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Journal homepage: https://scholarsmepub.com/sjnhc/
Zainuddin, S., Muhamad, A., Kahmis, M. H. & Mamat, N. (2015). Work-Life Balance in Relation to Workload Experience and Work-Life Program: A Study in a Government Ministry of Malaysia. Journal of Business Management and Accounting, 5, 37-55.
Amat, T. M., Fontaine, R. & Chong, S. C. (2003). Occupational stress among managers: A Malaysian survey. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 18(6), 622-628.
Anila, K. P. & Krishnaveni, V. (2016). Influence of Family Environment and Work Environment on Work-Life Balance among Women Employees. International Journal of Management Research & Review, 6(3), 341-347.
Bresciani, M. J., Duncan, A. J. & Cao, L. H. (2010). Embracing the Ambiguity: Twelve Considerations for Holistic Time Management. Institute of Education Science, ERIC Journal.
Brooks, B. & Anderson, M. (2004). Defining quality of nursing work life. Nursing Economics, 23, 319-26, 279.
Bruggen, A. (2015). An empirical investigation of the relationship between workload and performance. Management Decision, 53(10), 2377-2389. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-02-2015-0063
Clark, S. C. (2000). Work/Family Border Theory: A New Theory of Work/Family Balance. Human Relations, 53(6), 747–770. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726700536001
Eli, J., Lawrence, C., Deva, R. & James, R. (2007). The role of overload on job attitudes, turnover intentions, and salesperson performance, Journal of Business Research, 60(7), 663-671, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.02.014.
Esther, R., Greenglass, R. J. & Burke, K. A. M. (2003). Reactions to Increased Workload: Effects on Professional Efficacy of Nurses. Journal of Applied Psychology, 52(4). https://doi.org/10.1111/1464-0597.00152.
Esther, N. M., Ping, Y., David, H. (2011). How Nursing Staff Spend Their Time On Activities In A Nursing Home: An Observational Study. Leading Global Nursing Research, 67(9), 1908-1917
Eunhee, C., Douglas, M., Sloane, E. K, Sera, K., Miyoung, C., Young, Y., Hye, S. L. & Linda, H. (2015). Aiken, Effects of nurse staffing, work environments, and education on patient mortality: An observational study, International Journal of Nursing Studies, 52(2), 535-542, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.08.006.
Fleetwood, S. (2007). Why Work-Life Balance Now? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18, 387-400. 10.1080/09585190601167441.
Fukuzaki, T., Takeda, S., Iwata, N., Ooba, S. & Inoue, M. (2023). Commitment profiles among nurses: combinations of organizational commitment forms and work engagement, psychological distress, and turnover intention. Ind Health, 61(3), 232-236. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.2021-0237. Epub 2022 Mar 29. PMID: 35354696; PMCID: PMC10269838.
Hashim, S. & Masek, A., Mahthir, B., Rashid, A. & Nincarean, D. (2021). Association of Interest, Attitude and Learning Habit in Mathematics Learning Towards Enhancing Students’ Achievement. Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology, 6, 113-122. 10.17509/ijost.v6i1.31526.
Hashemzadeh, G. R. & Khaksar, S. M. S., Nawaser, K, & Afshar, J. A. (2011). Technological dimension of customer relationship management. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 4, 1565-1572. 10.17485/ijst/2011/v4i11/30288.
Jamaludin, A., Hashim N. H. & Zaini, A. (2022). The Relationship Between Workload, Time Management and Salary on Employee Work-Life Balance in A Private Company. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6, 4591–4600.
Jostell, D. & Hemlin, S. (2018). After-hours teleworking and boundary management: Effects on work-family conflict. Work, 60(3), 475–483. doi:10.3233/wor-182748
Jui-Ying, F, Yi-Ting, C., William, S., Erdley, C. L., Ying-Ju C. (2013). Systematic Review of Effectiveness of Situated E-Learning on Medical and Nursing Education. Worldview on Evidenced Based- Nursing Journal, 10(3), 174-183.
Kalliath, T. & Brough, P. (2008). Achieving work–life balance. Journal of Management & Organization, 14, 224-226. 10.1017/S1833367200003230.
Kamal, H & Irwani, A. (2018). Stress, workload, time management and student performance. In: 2nd Conference on Technology & Operations Management (2ndCTOM), February 26-27, 2018, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Kedah, Malaysia.
Kelly, L. A., Lefton, C. & Fischer, S. A. (2019). Nurse Leader Burnout, Satisfaction, and Work-Life Balance. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 49(9), 404-410, DOI: 10.1097/NNA.0000000000000784
Khursheed, A., Mustafa, F., Arshad, I. & Gill, S. (2019). Work-Family Conflict among Married Female Professionals in Pakistan. Management Studies and Economic Systems, 4(2), 123-130.
Linda, T. (2005). The role, nature and purpose of leisure and its contribution to individual development and well-being, British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 33, 1, 1-6, DOI: 10.1080/03069880412331335849.
Mabona. J. F., van Rooyen. D. & Ten Ham-Baloyi, W. (2022). Best practice recommendations for healthy work environments for nurses: An integrative literature review. Health SA. doi: 10.4102/hsag.v27i0.1788. PMID: 35548062;
Maiya, U. (2015). A Study on Work Life Balance of Female Nurses With Reference To Multispecialty Hospitals, Mysore City. Asia Pacific Journal Research, 1(28).
Mearin, F., Lacy, B. E. & Chang L., et al. (2016). Bowel Disorders. Gastroenterology, -5085(16)00222-5. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.02.031.
Milutinovi?, D. & Golubovi?, B. & Brkic-Jovanovic, N. & Prokeš, B. (2012). Professional Stress and Health among Critical Care Nurses in Serbia. Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, 63, 171-80. 10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2140.
Nilufar, A, Zaini, A., David, Y. G. F. & Syed, S. A. (2009). A Study of Job Stress on Job Satisfaction among University Staff in Malaysia: Empirical Study. European Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1).
Nur Hawiah, H., Azahari, J. & Ahmad, F. A. Z. (2022), The Relationship Between Workload, Time Management and Salary on Employee Work-Life Balance in A Private Company. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(5), 4591–4600.
Oron-Gilad, T. & Szalma, J. & Stafford, S. & Hancock, P. (2008). The Workload and Performance Relationship in the Real World: A Study of Police Officers in a Field Shooting Exercise. International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics: JOSE. 14, 119-31. 10.1080/10803548.2008.11076757.
Pan, L. C., Chua, B. S. & Rosnah, I. (2020). The Role of Hindrance Stressor and Distress in Teachers’ Work-Life Balance. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. Proceedings of the International Conference on Psychological Studies. DOI 10.2991/assehr.k.210423.025.
Peter, H, Tse, L. T., Cathy, S. & Brian, C. (2019). The impact of perceived workload on nurse satisfaction with work-life balance and intention to leave the occupation, Applied Nursing Research, 49, 70-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2019.06.001.
Robert, K. & Greenleaf. (1970). Leadership-A Journey into the Nature of Legitimate Power and Greatness by Robert K. Greenleaf (338pg, published by Paulist Press 1977)
Prabhashani, R. M. B. & Ratnayaka, R. M. (2017). Determinants of Work-Life Balance among Nurses: Empirical Evidence from Monaragala District General Hospital, Sri Lanka.
Rosario, P. D. (2012). Nursing Time Management Skills You Should Have | NurseTogether.com. All About Nurses, Nurse Communication, Nurse Community | Nurse Together. Retrieved from http://www.nursetogether.com/Lifestyle/Lifestyle- Article/itemid/3260.aspx#.UJ6pX-TqmyU
Saad, M., Jaafar, A. N., Azman Ong, M. H., Yulinda, E. & Muthu Kumarasamy, M. (2022). Managing Family and Work: The Search for the Ideal Work-life Balance. Environment-Behavior Proceedings Journal.
Safaa, M, D. (2019). The Influence of Work-life Balance on Quality Work Life and Life Satisfaction among Head Nurses International Journal of Novel Research in Healthcare and Nursing, 6(2), 1155-1174. www.noveltyjournals.com
Shammika, K. & De Alwis, A. (2015). The Nursing Shortage Impact on Job Outcome (The Case in Sri Lanka). Journal of Competitiveness, 7, 79-94. 10.7441/joc.2015.03.06.
Stoewen, D. L. (2016). Wellness at work: Building healthy workplaces. Can Vet J, 57(11), 1188-1190. PMID: 27807385; PMCID: PMC5081153.
Suguna, S, Ramesh, K., Moona, H. M., Vimala, K., Prem. K. N., Adam, A. Lee. A. K., Azeyan. A. & Che. S. L. Md L. (2018). An Investigation of the Job Performance of Administrative Staff in Government Hospitals, Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Management, 13(10), 1833-3850
Syed, A. & Akhtar, N. (2014). The Influence of Work-Life Balance and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Commitment of Healthcare Employees. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 4, 10.5296/ijhrs.v4i2.5667.
Theodor, J. (2013). Stewart, Simon French, Jesus Rios, Integrating multi-criteria decision analysis and scenario planning—Review and extension, Omega, 41(4), 679-688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2012.09.003.
Tracey, W. (2004). Working part-time: achieving a successful ‘work-life’ balance? British Journal of Sociology, 55(1), 99-122.
Uzma, K, Sana, S. & Muhammad, A. (2019). Importance of Ethical Decision Making; Application of James Rest Model. Saudi Journal of Nursing and Health Care. Middle East Publishers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates Journal homepage: https://scholarsmepub.com/sjnhc/
Zainuddin, S., Muhamad, A., Kahmis, M. H. & Mamat, N. (2015). Work-Life Balance in Relation to Workload Experience and Work-Life Program: A Study in a Government Ministry of Malaysia. Journal of Business Management and Accounting, 5, 37-55.
Published
2023-09-17
How to Cite
Ali, N. H. B. S., Ahmad, S. F. S., Nawi, N. R. C., Sabar, S., & Husin, L. I. A. (2023). The Determinants of Work-Life Balance among Nurses in Public Hospital in Klang Valley. Information Management and Business Review, 15(3(SI), 418-428. https://doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v15i3(SI).3498
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Research Paper
Copyright (c) 2023 Nazri Harris Bin Shamshir Ali, Sharifah Fazirah Syed Ahmad, Nur Raihan Che Nawi, Sarinah Sabar, Liatul Izian Ali Husin
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