Work-Life Conflict of Native and Immigrant Entrepreneurs in South Africa
Keywords:
Work life conflict, native, immigrants, entrepreneurs, South Africa
Abstract
Work life conflict negatively impacts entrepreneurs and the economic performance of their businesses. The study explored the work-life conflict (WLC) of native and immigrant entrepreneurs in South Africa. Also, the study examined the effect of gender and work-related factors (long working hours and work overload) on the WLC of native and immigrant entrepreneurs. The study adopted the survey method (selfadministered questionnaires) for data collection. The participants in the study were identified through convenience and snowballing sampling methods. The methods of data analysis included descriptive statistics, T-test, Pearson correlation and regression analysis. The results showed high levels of WLC for both native and immigrant entrepreneurs. Native entrepreneurs have a higher level of WLC compared to immigrant entrepreneurs, however the difference is not statistically significant. Male entrepreneurs have a lower level of WLC compared to female entrepreneurs. Long working hours and work overload significantly impact on the WLC of native and immigrant entrepreneurs. Recommendations to reduce WLC include goal setting, scheduling and delegation of work by entrepreneurs.
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References
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Nordenmark, M., Vinberg, S. & Strandh, M. (2012). Job control and demands, work-life balance and wellbeing among self-employed men and women in Europe. Vulnerable Groups and Inclusion, 3, 1-18. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2014). Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs (2014). Perks, S. (2010). Problem-solving techniques of growing very small businesses. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and places in the global economy, 4(3), 220-233. Razak, A. Z. A. A., Yunus, N. K. Y. & Nasurdin, M. (2011). The impact of work overload and job involvement on work-family conflict among Malaysian doctors. Labuan e-Journal, 5, 1-10. Reilly, M. D. (1982). Working wives and convenience consumption. Journal of consumer research, 4(8), 407418. Salam, F. (2014). Work Overload, Work-Family Conflict, Family-Work Conflict and Their Effects on Job Embeddedness: The Moderating Role of Co-worker Support. Journal of Business and Management, 16(1), 75-80. Sieber, S. D. (1974). Toward a theory of role accumulation. American Sociological Review, 39, 567-578. Simmons, S. (2012). Striving for work-life balance. The American Journal of Nursing, 112(1), 25-26. Singh, A. P. & Kumar, A. (2011). Personality as a moderator between Stress State and Job Attitudes. Indian Journal of Social Science, 8 (1&2), 149-158 Skinner, N. & Pocock, B. (2008). Work-life conflict: Is work time or work overload more important. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 46(3), 303-315. Statistics South Africa. (2018). Quarterly Labour Force Survey. Taştan, S. B. (2014). Predicting Psychological Strain with Job Demands and Organizational Injustice through the Implications of Job Demand-Control Model and Fairness Theory. Postmodern Openings Deschideri Postmodern, 5(4), 111-143. Thiagarajan, P., Chakrabarty, S. & Taylor, R. D. (2006). A confirmatory factor analysis of Reilly's Role Overload Scale. Educational and psychological measurement, 66(4), 657-666. Valcour, M. (2007). Work-based resources as moderators of the relationship between work hours and satisfaction with work-family balance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(6), 1512-1523. Vinogradov, E. (2008). Immigrant entrepreneurship in Norway. Winslow, S. (2005). Work-family conflict, gender, and parenthood. Journal of Family Issues, 26(6), 727-755. Zhang, Z. (2010). The home country’s role in shaping Chinese immigrant entrepreneurship. Doctoral dissertation, Auckland University of Technology. Zimmerman, M. A. & Chu, H. M. (2013). Motivation, Success, and Problems of Entrepreneurs in Venezuela. Journal of Management Policy and Practice, 14(2), 76-90.
Published
2018-09-14
How to Cite
Fatoki, O. (2018). Work-Life Conflict of Native and Immigrant Entrepreneurs in South Africa. Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 10(4(J), 174-184. https://doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i4(J).2419
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Research Paper
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