Is Marital Status a Strategic Parameter in Implementing HIV/AIDS Campaigns in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo?
Keywords:
HIV/AIDS Level of knowledge, marital status, Kinshasa, sexual behaviour, and condom use
Abstract
Several researches across the African continent highlight the important role of “marital status†in the magnitude of the HIV/AIDS epidemic because of early marriage for women and peers’ influence to engage in extramarital sex for men. Thus, the present study investigated the existence of significant differences in marital groups regarding their level of HIV/AIDS awareness, attitude towards infected persons, exposure to HIV/AIDS information, accessibility to condoms and sexual behaviour. The results emanating from the statistical analyses of the data collected through a cross - sectional survey revealed that “marital status†is the key to the design and implementation of HIV/AIDS interventions in Kinshasa.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abasiubong, F., Udoh, S., Idung, A. & Umoiyoho, A. (2012). Attitudes and sexual behaviours of unmarried people with HIV/AIDS living in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Mental Health in Family Medicine, (9), 225 – 232. Ama, N., Shaibu, S . & Burnette, J. (2016). HIV-related knowledge and practices: a crosssectional study among adults aged 50 years and above in Botswana. South African Family Practice, 58(3), 100 - 107. doi:10.1080/20786190.2016.1167310 Asante, K. (2013). HIV/AIDS knowledge and uptake of HIV counselling and testing among undergraduate private university students in Accra, Ghana. Reproductive Health Journal, 3, 10 - 17. Asante, K.& Oti - Boadi, M. (2013). HIV/AIDS knowledge among undergraduate university students: implications for health education programs in Ghana. African Health Sciences, 13 (2), 270 – 277. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v13i2.11 Ayikwa, L. (2013). Preventing populations from HIV/AIDS in Kinshasa: The relevancy of empowering people through battling illiteracy. The 2013 International Conference on Business Innovation and Growth (pp. 1 - 9). Gaborone: University of Botswana. Cai, Y., Ye, X., Shi, R., Xu, G., Shen, L., Ren, J.& Huang, H. (2013). Predictors of consistent condom use based on the Information - Motivation - Behavior Skill (IMB) model among senior high school students in three coastal cities in China. BMC Infectious Diseases, 13, 262.
Calderon, C., Urizar, D., Blazquez, C., Ferreras, B., Rubio, O., Montrull, F. & Valero, J. (2015). Knowledge, attitudes and practices on HIV/AIDS and prevalence of HIV in the general population of Sucre, Bolivia . Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 19(4), 369 - 375. Clark, S., Bruce, J.& Dude, A. (2006). Protecting Young Women from HIV/AIDS: The Case Against Child and Adolescent Marriage. International Family Planning Perspectives, 32 (2), 79 – 88. Coma, J. (2013). (2013). When the group encourages extramarital sex: Difficulties in HIV/AIDS prevention in rural Malawi. Demographic Research, 28(30), 849 - 880. Dunkle, K., Stephenson, R., Karita, E., Chomba, E., Kayitenkore, K. (2008). New heterosexually transmitted HIV infections in married or cohabiting couples in urban Zambia and Rwanda: an analysis of survey and clinical data. The Lancet , 371, 2183 - 2191. Gao, X., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, N., Tang, J., Qiu, J. & Du, Y. (2012). Effectiveness of School - based Education on HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior among Secondary School Students in Wuhan, China. PLoS ONE, 7(9), 448 - 81. Gebremedhin, S., Youjie, W.& Tesfamariam, E. (2017). Predictors of HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Attitude among Young Women of Nigeria and Democratic Republic of Congo: Cross - Sectional Study. Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research, 8(3), 677. Golobof, A., Weine, S., Bahromov, M.& Luo, J. (2011). The roles of labor migrants’ wives in HIV/AIDS risk and prevention in Tajikistan. AIDS Care, 23 (1), 91 - 97. Guthrie, B., de Bruyn, G.& Farquhar, C. (2007). HIV- 1 - discordant couples in sub - Saharan Africa: explanations and implications for high rates of discordancy. Curr HIV Res, 5 (4), 416– 429. Haroun, D., El Saleh, O., Wood, L., Mechli, R., Al Marzouqi, N.& Anouti, S. (2016). Assessing Knowledge of, and Attitudes to, HIV/AIDS among University Students in the United Arab Emirates. Plos One, 11 (2), 0149920. Hong, S. & Thepthien, B.O. (2017). HIV risk-related sexual behavior by cohabiting partner status among factory workers: Results from the 2015 Bangkok behavioral surveillance survey (BSS). Cogent Social Sciences, 3, 1364070. Khonde, C. (2006). An Oral History of HIV/AIDS in the Congo. The HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Sub - Saharan Africa in a Historical Perspective. Kposowa, A. (2013). Marital status and HIV/AIDS mortality: evidence from the US National Longitudinal Mortality Study. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, S1201 - 9712 (13), 109 - 114. Kuete, M., Huang, Q., Rashid, A., Ma, X., Yuan, H., Antezana, J. & Zhang, H. (2016). Differences in Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior towards HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections between Sexually Active Foreign and Chinese Medical Students. 2016, 10 Lafreniere, K., Deshpande, S., Hunter, G.& Bjornlund, H. (2013). Determining the Decision- Making Process for Social Issue Behaviours: Inputs to Formulating Social Marketing Strategy. Alberta: Southern Alberta Resource Economics (SAREC Report 2010 - 13). Mabala, R. (2006). From HIV prevention to HIV protection: addressing the vulnerability of girls and young women in urban areas. Environment and Urbanization, 18(2), 407 - 432. Marlowa, H., Tolley, E., Kohlic, R.& Mehendale, S. (2010). Sexual communication among married couples in the context of a microbicide clinical trial and acceptability study in Pune, India. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 12 (8), 899 – 912. Mondal, N., Rahman, M., Obaidur Rahman, O.& Akter, N. (2012). Level of Awareness about HIV/AIDS among Ever Married Women in Bangladesh. Food and Public Health, 2 (3), 73 - 78. Moodley, E. (2007). An assessment of students’ perceptions of the ABC prevention strategy: Toward students’ participation in HIV/AIDS message design at the University of KwaZulu- Natal. Communication and Media Studies, UKZN. UKZN, Communication. Durban: Unpublished Thesis. Sacolo, H., Chung, M. H., Chu, H., Liao, Y. M., Chen, C. H., Ou, K. L. & Chou, K. R. (2013). High Risk Sexual Behaviors for HIV among the In- School Youth in Swaziland: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. PLoS ONE, 8(7), 67289. Saddiq, A., Tolhurst, R., Lalloo, D.& Theobald, S. (2010). Promoting vulnerability or resilience to HIV? A qualitative study on polygamy in Maiduguri, Nigeria. AIDS Care, 22 (2), 146 - 151. Setume, S. (2016). HIV and AIDS knowledge and attitudes among different marital statuses in Botswana: Results of the fourth Botswana Aids Impact Survey of 2013. Botswana Journal of African Studies, 30(2), 214- 225.
Shisana, O., Zungu- Dirwayi, N., Toefy, Y., Simbayi, L., Malik, S.& Zuma, K. (2004). Marital status and risk of HIV infection in South Africa. SAMJ, 94(7), 537 - 543. Siziya, S., Muula, A.& Rudatsikira, E. (2008). HIV and AIDS -related knowledge among women in Iraq, (1): 123. BMC Research Notes , 1, 123. Slaymaker, E., Walker, N., Zaba, B.& Collumbien, M. (2004). Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors. In E. Slaymaker, N. Walker, B. Zaba, & M. Collumbien. Geneva: WHO. USAID. (2008). Democratic Republic of Congo: HIV/AIDS Health Profile. USAID. Retrieved October 2011, from http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/global_health/aids/Countries/africa/congo.htm Wabwire - Mangen, F., Odiit, M., Kirungi, W., Kisitu, D.& Wanyama, J. (2009). Uganda HIV modes of transmission and prevention response analysis, Final Report. Kampala: Uganda AIDS Commission.
Calderon, C., Urizar, D., Blazquez, C., Ferreras, B., Rubio, O., Montrull, F. & Valero, J. (2015). Knowledge, attitudes and practices on HIV/AIDS and prevalence of HIV in the general population of Sucre, Bolivia . Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 19(4), 369 - 375. Clark, S., Bruce, J.& Dude, A. (2006). Protecting Young Women from HIV/AIDS: The Case Against Child and Adolescent Marriage. International Family Planning Perspectives, 32 (2), 79 – 88. Coma, J. (2013). (2013). When the group encourages extramarital sex: Difficulties in HIV/AIDS prevention in rural Malawi. Demographic Research, 28(30), 849 - 880. Dunkle, K., Stephenson, R., Karita, E., Chomba, E., Kayitenkore, K. (2008). New heterosexually transmitted HIV infections in married or cohabiting couples in urban Zambia and Rwanda: an analysis of survey and clinical data. The Lancet , 371, 2183 - 2191. Gao, X., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, N., Tang, J., Qiu, J. & Du, Y. (2012). Effectiveness of School - based Education on HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior among Secondary School Students in Wuhan, China. PLoS ONE, 7(9), 448 - 81. Gebremedhin, S., Youjie, W.& Tesfamariam, E. (2017). Predictors of HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Attitude among Young Women of Nigeria and Democratic Republic of Congo: Cross - Sectional Study. Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research, 8(3), 677. Golobof, A., Weine, S., Bahromov, M.& Luo, J. (2011). The roles of labor migrants’ wives in HIV/AIDS risk and prevention in Tajikistan. AIDS Care, 23 (1), 91 - 97. Guthrie, B., de Bruyn, G.& Farquhar, C. (2007). HIV- 1 - discordant couples in sub - Saharan Africa: explanations and implications for high rates of discordancy. Curr HIV Res, 5 (4), 416– 429. Haroun, D., El Saleh, O., Wood, L., Mechli, R., Al Marzouqi, N.& Anouti, S. (2016). Assessing Knowledge of, and Attitudes to, HIV/AIDS among University Students in the United Arab Emirates. Plos One, 11 (2), 0149920. Hong, S. & Thepthien, B.O. (2017). HIV risk-related sexual behavior by cohabiting partner status among factory workers: Results from the 2015 Bangkok behavioral surveillance survey (BSS). Cogent Social Sciences, 3, 1364070. Khonde, C. (2006). An Oral History of HIV/AIDS in the Congo. The HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Sub - Saharan Africa in a Historical Perspective. Kposowa, A. (2013). Marital status and HIV/AIDS mortality: evidence from the US National Longitudinal Mortality Study. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, S1201 - 9712 (13), 109 - 114. Kuete, M., Huang, Q., Rashid, A., Ma, X., Yuan, H., Antezana, J. & Zhang, H. (2016). Differences in Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior towards HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections between Sexually Active Foreign and Chinese Medical Students. 2016, 10 Lafreniere, K., Deshpande, S., Hunter, G.& Bjornlund, H. (2013). Determining the Decision- Making Process for Social Issue Behaviours: Inputs to Formulating Social Marketing Strategy. Alberta: Southern Alberta Resource Economics (SAREC Report 2010 - 13). Mabala, R. (2006). From HIV prevention to HIV protection: addressing the vulnerability of girls and young women in urban areas. Environment and Urbanization, 18(2), 407 - 432. Marlowa, H., Tolley, E., Kohlic, R.& Mehendale, S. (2010). Sexual communication among married couples in the context of a microbicide clinical trial and acceptability study in Pune, India. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 12 (8), 899 – 912. Mondal, N., Rahman, M., Obaidur Rahman, O.& Akter, N. (2012). Level of Awareness about HIV/AIDS among Ever Married Women in Bangladesh. Food and Public Health, 2 (3), 73 - 78. Moodley, E. (2007). An assessment of students’ perceptions of the ABC prevention strategy: Toward students’ participation in HIV/AIDS message design at the University of KwaZulu- Natal. Communication and Media Studies, UKZN. UKZN, Communication. Durban: Unpublished Thesis. Sacolo, H., Chung, M. H., Chu, H., Liao, Y. M., Chen, C. H., Ou, K. L. & Chou, K. R. (2013). High Risk Sexual Behaviors for HIV among the In- School Youth in Swaziland: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. PLoS ONE, 8(7), 67289. Saddiq, A., Tolhurst, R., Lalloo, D.& Theobald, S. (2010). Promoting vulnerability or resilience to HIV? A qualitative study on polygamy in Maiduguri, Nigeria. AIDS Care, 22 (2), 146 - 151. Setume, S. (2016). HIV and AIDS knowledge and attitudes among different marital statuses in Botswana: Results of the fourth Botswana Aids Impact Survey of 2013. Botswana Journal of African Studies, 30(2), 214- 225.
Shisana, O., Zungu- Dirwayi, N., Toefy, Y., Simbayi, L., Malik, S.& Zuma, K. (2004). Marital status and risk of HIV infection in South Africa. SAMJ, 94(7), 537 - 543. Siziya, S., Muula, A.& Rudatsikira, E. (2008). HIV and AIDS -related knowledge among women in Iraq, (1): 123. BMC Research Notes , 1, 123. Slaymaker, E., Walker, N., Zaba, B.& Collumbien, M. (2004). Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors. In E. Slaymaker, N. Walker, B. Zaba, & M. Collumbien. Geneva: WHO. USAID. (2008). Democratic Republic of Congo: HIV/AIDS Health Profile. USAID. Retrieved October 2011, from http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/global_health/aids/Countries/africa/congo.htm Wabwire - Mangen, F., Odiit, M., Kirungi, W., Kisitu, D.& Wanyama, J. (2009). Uganda HIV modes of transmission and prevention response analysis, Final Report. Kampala: Uganda AIDS Commission.
Published
2018-07-19
How to Cite
Christian, A. L., & W., D. J. J. (2018). Is Marital Status a Strategic Parameter in Implementing HIV/AIDS Campaigns in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo?. Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 10(3(J), 149-159. https://doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i3.2324
Issue
Section
Research Paper
Copyright (c) 2018 Ayikwa Lutete Christian, De Jager Johan W.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Author (s) should affirm that the material has not been published previously. It has not been submitted and it is not under consideration by any other journal. At the same time author (s) need to execute a publication permission agreement to assume the responsibility of the submitted content and any omissions and errors therein. After submission of a revised paper in the light of suggestions of the reviewers, editorial team edits and formats manuscripts to bring uniformity and standardization in published material.
This work will be licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) and under condition of the license, users are free to read, copy, remix, transform, redistribute, download, print, search or link to the full texts of articles and even build upon their work as long as they credit the author for the original work. Moreover, as per journal policy author (s) hold and retain copyrights without any restrictions.
